---
title: peer — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «peer» in the school dictionary: To peer means to look very carefully or with difficulty at something, often narrowing your eyes or leaning forward. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# peer

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** peers, peer, lord, She, Grandpa, We · **What happens:** peer, mean, look, narrow, lean, be · **To what, where:** eyes, people, member, House, pressure, peer marking · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«peer» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [peer in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/peer.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To peer means to look very carefully or with difficulty at something, often narrowing your eyes or leaning forward.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:peer:m1:1
# text = To peer means to look very carefully or with difficulty at something, often narrowing your eyes or leaning forward.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	peer	peer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	often	often	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	narrowing	narrow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
16	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	leaning	lean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	conj	_	_
20	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **peer** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **look** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | at something; carefully *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at something=Theme |
| 4 | **narrow** | gerund |  | your eyes |  |  |  | often *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent eye=Patient |
| 5 | **lean** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | forward *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your peers are people of the same age, class or level as you, such as your classmates.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:peer:m2:1
# text = Your peers are people of the same age, class or level as you, such as your classmates.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	peers	peer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	level	level	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	19	case	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	classmates	classmate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Your peers | people and your classmates |  |  | of the same age and class or level | as you | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A peer is a member of the nobility, such as a lord, who may sit in the House of Lords.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:peer:m3:1
# text = A peer is a member of the nobility, such as a lord, who may sit in the House of Lords.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	peer	peer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	member	member	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	nobility	nobility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
16	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	acl:relcl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	House	House	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Lords	Lord	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a peer | a member and a lord |  |  |  | of the nobility | tree rules |
| 2 | **sit** | may | a lord |  |  | the House of Lords |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in house=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She peered through the keyhole.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:peer:x1:1
# text = She peered through the keyhole.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	peered	peer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	keyhole	keyhole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **peer** | past | She |  |  |  |  | through the keyhole | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through keyhole=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa peered at the tiny writing on the box.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:peer:x2:1
# text = Grandpa peered at the tiny writing on the box.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	peered	peer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **peer** | past | Grandpa |  |  |  |  | at the tiny writing on the box | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at writing=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We peered into the dark cave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:peer:x3:1
# text = We peered into the dark cave.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	peered	peer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **peer** | past | We |  |  |  |  | into the dark cave | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent into cave=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't give in to peer pressure.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:peer:x4:1
# text = Don't give in to peer pressure.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	give	give	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	peer	peer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	pressure	pressure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **give in** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **peer** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | pressure |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Today we'll do peer marking: swap books with your partner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:peer:x5:1
# text = Today we'll do peer marking: swap books with your partner.
1	Today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
2	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	peer	peer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	marking	marking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	swap	swap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	partner	partner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | future | we | peer marking and swap books with your partner |  |  | today |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent marking=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was taller than most of his peers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:peer:x6:1
# text = He was taller than most of his peers.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	taller	tall	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	than	than	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	peers	peer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | He |  |  |  |  | than most of his peers; tall *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lord is a peer in the House of Lords.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:peer:x7:1
# text = A lord is a peer in the House of Lords.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	peer	peer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	House	House	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Lords	Lord	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a lord | a peer |  | the House of Lords |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The owl peered down from the branch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:peer:x8:1
# text = The owl peered down from the branch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	owl	owl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	peered	peer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	branch	branch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **peer down** | past | the owl |  |  |  |  | from the branch; down *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent from branch=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The little Mole peered at it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:peer:x9:1
# text = The little Mole peered at it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Mole	Mole	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	peered	peer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **peer** | past | the little Mole |  |  |  |  | at it | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at it=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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