---
title: pennyworth — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pennyworth» in the school dictionary: The amount of something you could buy for one penny: «a pennyworth of sweets». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pennyworth

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, your, She, pennyworth, Everyone, boy · **What happens:** buy, amount, put, mean, give, opine · **To what, where:** something, UK, two pennyworth, opinion, pennyworth, big jug · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«pennyworth» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pennyworth in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pennyworth.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK, old-fashioned — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The amount of something you could buy for one penny: «a pennyworth of sweets».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pennyworth:m1:1
# text = The amount of something you could buy for one penny: «a pennyworth of sweets».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	nmod	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	penny	penny	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	pennyworth	pennyworth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | could | you |  |  |  |  | for one penny | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for penny=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **amount** |  |  | something |  |  |  |  | nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: idiom — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Put in your two pennyworth» (UK) or «two cents' worth» (US) means to give your opinion.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pennyworth:m2:1
# text = «Put in your two pennyworth» (UK) or «two cents' worth» (US) means to give your opinion.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	csubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	pennyworth	pennyworth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	cents	cent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	'	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	worth	worth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
18	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	_
21	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	ccomp	_	_
24	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | UK or two cents's worth |  | your two pennyworth |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in pennyworth=Destination |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **give** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | your opinion |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent opinion=Theme |
| 4 | **opine** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom opinion «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A small amount.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pennyworth:m3:1
# text = A small amount.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She bought a pennyworth of toffees.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pennyworth:x1:1
# text = She bought a pennyworth of toffees.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pennyworth	pennyworth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	toffees	toffee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | She | a pennyworth of toffees |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pennyworth=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In 1900 a pennyworth of milk was a big jug.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pennyworth:x2:1
# text = In 1900 a pennyworth of milk was a big jug.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1900	1900	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	obl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pennyworth	pennyworth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	jug	jug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | a pennyworth of milk | a big jug |  | 1900 |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Everyone wanted to add their two pennyworth to the argument.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pennyworth:x3:1
# text = Everyone wanted to add their two pennyworth to the argument.
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	add	add	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	pennyworth	pennyworth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | past | Everyone |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Everyone *not said here* | their two pennyworth |  |  |  | to the argument | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent pennyworth=Patient to argument=Co-Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The boy spent his last penny on a pennyworth of sherbet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pennyworth:x4:1
# text = The boy spent his last penny on a pennyworth of sherbet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	penny	penny	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pennyworth	pennyworth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	sherbet	sherbet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | the boy | boy's last penny |  |  |  | on a pennyworth of sherbet *goal* | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent penny=Asset on pennyworth=Goal |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not a pennyworth of difference!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pennyworth:x5:1
# text = Not a pennyworth of difference!
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	pennyworth	pennyworth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	difference	difference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad remembers buying a pennyworth of chips.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pennyworth:x6:1
# text = Grandad remembers buying a pennyworth of chips.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	remembers	remember	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	buying	buy	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pennyworth	pennyworth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	chips	chip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remember** | present | Grandad |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **buy** | gerund | Grandad *not said here* | a pennyworth of chips |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pennyworth=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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