---
title: perdition — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «perdition» in the school dictionary: Perdition is everlasting punishment after death, often meaning hell, in old Christian language. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# perdition

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Perdition, everlasting punishment, preacher, pirate, Old hymns, Gambling · **What happens:** be, mean, warn, fear, speak, lead · **To what, where:** everlasting punishment, hell, eternal perdition, old story, him, perdition · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«perdition» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [perdition in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/perdition.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church, old — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Perdition is everlasting punishment after death, often meaning hell, in old Christian language.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perdition:m1:1
# text = Perdition is everlasting punishment after death, often meaning hell, in old Christian language.
1	Perdition	perdition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	everlasting	everlasting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	often	often	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
10	hell	hell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	Christian	Christian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Perdition | everlasting punishment |  |  | after death |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | gerund | everlasting punishment *not said here* | hell and old Christian language |  |  |  | often *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hell=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old, formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Complete ruin or disaster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perdition:m2:1
# text = Complete ruin or disaster.
1	Complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	ruin	ruin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	disaster	disaster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The preacher warned against the road to perdition.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perdition:x1:1
# text = The preacher warned against the road to perdition.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	preacher	preacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	perdition	perdition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | the preacher |  |  |  |  | against the road to perdition | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent against road=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the old story, the pirate feared eternal perdition.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perdition:x2:1
# text = In the old story, the pirate feared eternal perdition.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pirate	pirate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	feared	fear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	eternal	eternal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	perdition	perdition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fear** | past | the pirate | eternal perdition |  | the old story |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer perdition=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Old hymns sometimes speak of perdition.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perdition:x3:1
# text = Old hymns sometimes speak of perdition.
1	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	hymns	hymn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
4	speak	speak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	perdition	perdition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | Old hymns |  |  |  |  | of perdition; sometimes *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gambling led him to perdition.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perdition:x4:1
# text = Gambling led him to perdition.
1	Gambling	gambling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	perdition	perdition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | Gambling | him *= he* |  | perdition |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme to perdition=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Christians believe Jesus came to save people from perdition.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perdition:x5:1
# text = Christians believe Jesus came to save people from perdition.
1	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	perdition	perdition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | present | Christians |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **come** | past | Jesus |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **save** | to-infinitive | Jesus *not said here* | people |  | perdition |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent people=Theme from perdition=Source |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The book calls greed the path to perdition.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perdition:x6:1
# text = The book calls greed the path to perdition.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	calls	call	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	greed	gree	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	perdition	perdition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gree** | past | the book calls | the path |  |  |  | to perdition | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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