---
title: perfect — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «perfect» in the school dictionary: Perfect means with no mistakes or faults at all. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# perfect

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Perfect, you, something, perfect tense, I, She · **What happens:** mean, not know, be, practise, use, have · **To what, where:** right, all, grammar, perfect score, spelling test, perfect day · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«perfect» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [perfect in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/perfect.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Perfect means with no mistakes or faults at all.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perfect:m1:1
# text = Perfect means with no mistakes or faults at all.
1	Perfect	perfect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	mistakes	mistake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	faults	fault	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Perfect |  |  |  |  | with no mistakes or faults at all | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Perfect means exactly right for something, like the perfect present.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perfect:m2:1
# text = Perfect means exactly right for something, like the perfect present.
1	Perfect	perfect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Perfect | right |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent right=Topic |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Perfect can mean complete, as in a perfect stranger (someone you don't know at all).

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perfect:m3:1
# text = Perfect can mean complete, as in a perfect stranger (someone you don't know at all).
1	Perfect	perfect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	appos	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	acl:relcl	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Perfect |  |  |  |  | complete *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **know** | present · do-support | you |  |  | all |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To perfect something is to make it as good as it can be, often by practising.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perfect:m4:1
# text = To perfect something is to make it as good as it can be, often by practising.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	as	as	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	often	often	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
16	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	practising	practise	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | something |  |  |  |  | good, make *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **practise** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | often *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In grammar, the perfect tense uses have or has, like "I have finished".

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perfect:m5:1
# text = In grammar, the perfect tense uses have or has, like "I have finished".
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	grammar	grammar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	tense	tense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	finished	finish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | the perfect tense |  |  | grammar |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **have** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **have** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **finish** *in a quote* | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She got a perfect score on her spelling test.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perfect:x1:1
# text = She got a perfect score on her spelling test.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	score	score	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | She | a perfect score |  | her spelling test |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent score=Theme on test=Source |
| 2 | **test** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom test «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's a perfect day for the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perfect:x2:1
# text = It's a perfect day for the beach.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a perfect day |  |  |  | for the beach | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nobody's perfect — we all make mistakes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perfect:x3:1
# text = Nobody's perfect — we all make mistakes.
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	all	all	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
8	mistakes	mistake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | we | mistakes |  |  |  | all *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mistake=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That hat is a perfect fit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perfect:x4:1
# text = That hat is a perfect fit.
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	fit	fit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | that hat | a perfect fit |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
16 is a perfect square because 4 × 4 = 16.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perfect:x5:1
# text = 16 is a perfect square because 4 × 4 = 16.
1	16	16	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	×	×	SYM	SYM	_	5	nmod	_	_
9	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	flat	_	_
10	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	11	dep	_	_
11	16	16	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | 16 | a perfect square |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He practised every day to perfect his dive.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perfect:x6:1
# text = He practised every day to perfect his dive.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	practised	practise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	dive	dive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **practise** | past | He | his dive |  |  | day |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Practice makes perfect.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perfect:x7:1
# text = Practice makes perfect.
1	Practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Practice |  |  |  |  | perfect *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Here she found everything in perfect order.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perfect:x8:1
# text = Here she found everything in perfect order.
1	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | she | everything |  | perfect order; here |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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