---
title: perimeter — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «perimeter» in the school dictionary: The perimeter is the length all the way around a shape. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# perimeter

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** perimeter, you, rectangle, We, dog, triangle · **What happens:** be, find, need, have, put, run · **To what, where:** length, shape, outer edge, perimeter, 40 meters, much fence

<!-- .vabout -->
«perimeter» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [perimeter in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/perimeter.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The perimeter is the length all the way around a shape.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perimeter:m1:1
# text = The perimeter is the length all the way around a shape.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	perimeter	perimeter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:unmarked	_	_
9	around	around	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the perimeter | the length |  | a shape |  | all way *nmod:unmarked* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The perimeter of a place is its outer edge or border, like the fence around a field.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perimeter:m2:1
# text = The perimeter of a place is its outer edge or border, like the fence around a field.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	perimeter	perimeter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	outer	outer	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
16	around	around	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the perimeter of a place | perimeter's outer edge or border and the fence around a field |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Find the perimeter of a square with 5 cm sides.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perimeter:x1:1
# text = Find the perimeter of a square with 5 cm sides.
1	Find	find	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	perimeter	perimeter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	cm	cm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	compound	_	_
10	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | imperative | you *not said here* | the perimeter of a square |  |  |  | with cm sides | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent perimeter=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The perimeter of the garden is 40 meters.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perimeter:x2:1
# text = The perimeter of the garden is 40 meters.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	perimeter	perimeter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	meters	meter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the perimeter of the garden | 40 meters |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How much fence is needed for the perimeter?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perimeter:x3:1
# text = How much fence is needed for the perimeter?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	needed	need	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	perimeter	perimeter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present · passive |  | much fence |  |  |  | for the perimeter | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rectangle has a perimeter of 30 cm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perimeter:x4:1
# text = The rectangle has a perimeter of 30 cm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rectangle	rectangle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	perimeter	perimeter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	cm	cm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the rectangle | a perimeter of 30 cm |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent perimeter=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We put a ribbon around the perimeter of the card.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perimeter:x5:1
# text = We put a ribbon around the perimeter of the card.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ribbon	ribbon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	perimeter	perimeter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | We | a ribbon |  | the perimeter of the card |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ribbon=Theme around perimeter=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog ran along the perimeter of the field.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perimeter:x6:1
# text = The dog ran along the perimeter of the field.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	along	along	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	perimeter	perimeter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | the dog |  |  | the perimeter of the field |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along perimeter=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A triangle with sides 3, 4 and 5 cm has a perimeter of 12 cm.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perimeter:x7:1
# text = A triangle with sides 3, 4 and 5 cm has a perimeter of 12 cm.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	triangle	triangle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	cm	cm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
11	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	perimeter	perimeter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	cm	cm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a triangle and sides and 5 cm | a perimeter of 12 cm |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent perimeter=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Guards patrolled the perimeter of the camp.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:perimeter:x8:1
# text = Guards patrolled the perimeter of the camp.
1	Guards	guard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	patrolled	patrol	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	perimeter	perimeter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **patrol** | past | Guards | the perimeter of the camp |  |  |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent perimeter=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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