---
title: periwinkle — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «periwinkle» in the school dictionary: A periwinkle is a small sea snail with a spiral shell, found on rocks at the seashore. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# periwinkle

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** periwinkle, We, tide, periwinkle flowers, new jumper, Seagulls · **What happens:** be, find, cling, go out, eat, cook · **To what, where:** small sea snail, rocks, low garden plant, soft purple colour, periwinkles, rock pool · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«periwinkle» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [periwinkle in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/periwinkle.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A periwinkle is a small sea snail with a spiral shell, found on rocks at the seashore.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:periwinkle:m1:1
# text = A periwinkle is a small sea snail with a spiral shell, found on rocks at the seashore.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	periwinkle	periwinkle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	snail	snail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	spiral	spiral	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	seashore	seashore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a periwinkle | a small sea snail |  |  |  | with a spiral shell | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | participle |  | a small sea snail *not said here* |  | rocks |  | at the seashore | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A periwinkle is also a low garden plant with blue or purple flowers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:periwinkle:m2:1
# text = A periwinkle is also a low garden plant with blue or purple flowers.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	periwinkle	periwinkle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	purple	purple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a periwinkle | a low garden plant |  |  |  | with blue flowers | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Periwinkle is a soft blue-purple colour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:periwinkle:m3:1
# text = Periwinkle is a soft blue-purple colour.
1	Periwinkle	periwinkle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
4	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
5	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	purple	purple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Periwinkle | a soft purple colour |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We found periwinkles in the rock pool.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:periwinkle:x1:1
# text = We found periwinkles in the rock pool.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	periwinkles	periwinkle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	pool	pool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | We | periwinkles |  | the rock pool |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent periwinkle=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A periwinkle clings to the rock when the tide goes out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:periwinkle:x2:1
# text = A periwinkle clings to the rock when the tide goes out.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	periwinkle	periwinkle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	clings	cling	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tide	tide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cling** | present | a periwinkle |  |  |  |  | to the rock | vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to rock=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **go out** | present | the tide |  |  |  |  |  | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The periwinkle flowers were blue.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:periwinkle:x3:1
# text = The periwinkle flowers were blue.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	periwinkle	periwinkle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the periwinkle flowers |  |  |  |  | blue *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My new jumper is periwinkle blue.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:periwinkle:x4:1
# text = My new jumper is periwinkle blue.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	jumper	jumper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	periwinkle	periwinkle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My new jumper |  |  |  |  | blue *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Seagulls sometimes eat periwinkles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:periwinkle:x5:1
# text = Seagulls sometimes eat periwinkles.
1	Seagulls	seagull	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	3	advmod	_	_
3	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	periwinkles	periwinkle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Seagulls | periwinkles |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent periwinkle=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Periwinkles eat tiny plants on the rocks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:periwinkle:x6:1
# text = Periwinkles eat tiny plants on the rocks.
1	Periwinkles	periwinkle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Periwinkles | tiny plants |  | the rocks |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some people cook and eat periwinkles, called winkles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:periwinkle:x7:1
# text = Some people cook and eat periwinkles, called winkles.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cook	cook	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	periwinkles	periwinkle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
9	winkles	winkle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cook** | present | some people |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **eat** | present | some people *not said here* | periwinkles |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent periwinkle=Patient |
| 3 | **call** | participle | periwinkles *not said here* | winkles |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dark as were his thoughts his blue eyes were as soft as the periwinkle.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:periwinkle:x8:1
# text = Dark as were his thoughts his blue eyes were as soft as the periwinkle.
1	Dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
2	as	as	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	thoughts	thought	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	as	as	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	periwinkle	periwinkle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | his Dark thoughts and his blue eyes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | his Dark thoughts and his blue eyes |  |  |  |  | as the periwinkle; soft *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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