---
title: permanent — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «permanent» in the school dictionary: Lasting for ever or for a very long time; not changing: «a permanent marker». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# permanent

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, Burning, adult teeth, kitten, ink stain, new teacher · **What happens:** last, not change, plan, not use, burn, be · **To what, where:** permanent marker, permanent job, whiteboard, paper, permanent change, permanent home

<!-- .vabout -->
«permanent» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [permanent in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/permanent.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lasting for ever or for a very long time; not changing: «a permanent marker».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:permanent:m1:1
# text = Lasting for ever or for a very long time; not changing: «a permanent marker».
1	Lasting	last	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	1	obl	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	changing	change	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	permanent	permanent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	marker	marker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **last** | gerund |  | a permanent marker |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme marker=Value |
| 2 | **not** **change** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: of a job or home — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lasting with no planned end: «a permanent job».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:permanent:m2:1
# text = Lasting with no planned end: «a permanent job».
1	Lasting	last	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
4	planned	plan	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	permanent	permanent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **last** | gerund |  | a permanent job |  |  | with no planned end |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme job=Value |
| 2 | **plan** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't use a permanent marker on the whiteboard!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:permanent:x1:1
# text = Don't use a permanent marker on the whiteboard!
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	permanent	permanent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	marker	marker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	whiteboard	whiteboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **use** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | a permanent marker |  | the whiteboard |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent marker=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Burning paper is a permanent change.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:permanent:x2:1
# text = Burning paper is a permanent change.
1	Burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	permanent	permanent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | gerund |  | paper |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent paper=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Burning | a permanent change |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your adult teeth are permanent, so look after them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:permanent:x3:1
# text = Your adult teeth are permanent, so look after them.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	adult	adult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	permanent	permanent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Your adult teeth |  |  |  |  | permanent *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | infinitive |  |  |  |  | after teeth *= tooth* |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The kitten found a permanent home.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:permanent:x4:1
# text = The kitten found a permanent home.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kitten	kitten	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	permanent	permanent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | the kitten | a permanent home |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent home=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ink stain looks permanent.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:permanent:x5:1
# text = The ink stain looks permanent.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	ink	ink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	stain	stain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	permanent	permanent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | the ink stain |  |  |  |  | permanent *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Is the new teacher permanent or just for this term?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:permanent:x6:1
# text = Is the new teacher permanent or just for this term?
1	Is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	permanent	permanent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	just	just	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	term	term	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the new teacher |  |  |  |  | permanent *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And both crows bowed and asked for a permanent appointment, for they thought of their old age.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:permanent:x7:1
# text = And both crows bowed and asked for a permanent appointment, for they thought of their old age.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
3	crows	crow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	bowed	bow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	permanent	permanent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	appointment	appointment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bow** | past | both crows |  |  |  |  |  | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | both crows *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for a permanent appointment | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **think** *speech: other* | past | crows *= crow* |  |  |  | of crows's old age |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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