---
title: persistent — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «persistent» in the school dictionary: A persistent person keeps on trying and does not give up easily. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# persistent

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** persistent person, Something, She, persistent rain, doctor, persistent fly · **What happens:** keep, try, not give up, go on, come back, be · **To what, where:** persistent cough, pupil, picnic, sandwich, reply, you

<!-- .vabout -->
«persistent» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [persistent in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/persistent.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A persistent person keeps on trying and does not give up easily.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:persistent:m1:1
# text = A persistent person keeps on trying and does not give up easily.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	persistent	persistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	trying	try	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | a persistent person |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **try** | gerund | a persistent person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **not** **give up** | present · do-support | a persistent person *not said here* |  |  |  |  | easily *property* | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something persistent goes on for a long time or keeps coming back: a persistent cough, persistent rain.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:persistent:m2:1
# text = Something persistent goes on for a long time or keeps coming back: a persistent cough, persistent rain.
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	nsubj	_	_
2	persistent	persistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	amod	_	_
3	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	coming	come	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	xcomp	_	_
12	back	back	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	persistent	persistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	cough	cough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	persistent	persistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go on** | present | Something |  |  |  | time |  | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **keep** | present | Something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **come back** | gerund | Something *not said here* | a persistent cough and persistent rain |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is a persistent and hard-working pupil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:persistent:x1:1
# text = She is a persistent and hard-working pupil.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	persistent	persistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	working	work	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
9	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | She |  |  |  |  | persistent *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **work** | gerund | She *not said here* | pupil |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent pupil=Material |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The persistent rain spoiled our picnic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:persistent:x2:1
# text = The persistent rain spoiled our picnic.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	persistent	persistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	spoiled	spoil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	picnic	picnic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | participle | the persistent rain | our picnic |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A persistent cough should be checked by a doctor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:persistent:x3:1
# text = A persistent cough should be checked by a doctor.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	persistent	persistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cough	cough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	checked	check	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | should · passive | a doctor | a persistent cough |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The persistent fly kept landing on my sandwich.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:persistent:x4:1
# text = The persistent fly kept landing on my sandwich.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	persistent	persistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	fly	fly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	landing	land	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | the persistent fly |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **land** | gerund | the persistent fly *not said here* |  |  | my sandwich |  |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on sandwich=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was persistent and finally got a reply.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:persistent:x5:1
# text = He was persistent and finally got a reply.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	persistent	persistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	finally	finally	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	reply	reply	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | He |  |  |  |  | persistent *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | past | He *not said here* | a reply |  |  |  | finally *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer reply=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Persistent lateness can get you into trouble.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:persistent:x6:1
# text = Persistent lateness can get you into trouble.
1	Persistent	persistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	lateness	lateness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | can | Persistent lateness | you |  | trouble |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So savage was it, and so persistent, that it was as much as the people of the house could do to beat it off.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:persistent:x7:1
# text = So savage was it, and so persistent, that it was as much as the people of the house could do to beat it off.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
2	savage	savage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	persistent	persistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	as	as	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
15	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	acl	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	beat	beat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	advcl	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	off	off	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | savage |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | savage |  |  |  |  | much *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | could | the people of the house |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **beat off** | to-infinitive | the people of the house *not said here* | savage |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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