---
title: personal — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «personal» in the school dictionary: Personal means belonging to or about one particular person. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/personal/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [P](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/) / personal

# personal

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Personal, you, Washing, She, That, pupil · **What happens:** mean, belong, do, not share, wash, be · **To what, where:** yourself, personal information, part, personal space, me, personal best

<!-- .vabout -->
«personal» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [personal in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/personal.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Personal means belonging to or about one particular person.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:personal:m1:1
# text = Personal means belonging to or about one particular person.
1	Personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	belonging	belong	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	4	conj	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
8	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Personal |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **belong** *not said to happen* | gerund | Personal *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to one particular person | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Personal means private, about your own life, body or feelings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:personal:m2:1
# text = Personal means private, about your own life, body or feelings.
1	Personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	feelings	feeling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Personal |  |  |  |  | private *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Personal means done by you yourself, not through someone else.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:personal:m3:1
# text = Personal means done by you yourself, not through someone else.
1	Personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	conj	_	_
11	else	else	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Personal |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | participle | Personal *not said here* | yourself |  |  |  | by you | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never share personal information online.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:personal:x1:1
# text = Never share personal information online.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	share	share	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	information	information	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	online	online	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **share** | imperative | you *not said here* | personal information |  |  |  | online *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Washing every day is part of personal hygiene.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:personal:x2:1
# text = Washing every day is part of personal hygiene.
1	Washing	wash	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	hygiene	hygiene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | gerund |  |  |  |  | day |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Washing | part |  |  |  | of personal hygiene | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please give me some personal space.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:personal:x3:1
# text = Please give me some personal space.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	give	give	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
5	personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | imperative | you *not said here* | some personal space | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient space=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She ran her personal best in the race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:personal:x4:1
# text = She ran her personal best in the race.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | She | her personal best |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That's a personal question.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:personal:x5:1
# text = That's a personal question.
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | That | a personal question |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each pupil has a personal locker.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:personal:x6:1
# text = Each pupil has a personal locker.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	locker	locker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | each pupil | a personal locker |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent locker=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's nothing personal — I just want to sit alone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:personal:x7:1
# text = It's nothing personal — I just want to sit alone.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	0	root	_	_
4	personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	just	just	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | nothing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **want** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **sit** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was too polite to make any personal remarks out loud.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:personal:x8:1
# text = He was too polite to make any personal remarks out loud.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	polite	polite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
7	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
8	personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	remarks	remark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
10	out	out	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	loud	loud	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | He |  |  |  |  | polite *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | any personal remarks |  |  |  | loud *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset remark=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [personage](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/personage/)
- next →: [personalised](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/personalised/)
- ↑ back to [P in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/)