---
title: petal — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «petal» in the school dictionary: A petal is one of the thin, often brightly coloured parts that make up the outer ring of a flower. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# petal

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** petal, thin coloured parts, people, daisy, Rose petals, We · **What happens:** be, make up, call, love, have, draw · **To what, where:** one, outer ring, friendly name, someone, love, lots · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«petal» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [petal in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/petal.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A petal is one of the thin, often brightly coloured parts that make up the outer ring of a flower.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:petal:m1:1
# text = A petal is one of the thin, often brightly coloured parts that make up the outer ring of a flower.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	petal	petal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
7	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	often	often	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	brightly	brightly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	coloured	coloured	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	up	up	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	outer	outer	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	ring	ring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	xcomp	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a petal | one |  |  |  | of the thin coloured parts | tree rules |
| 2 | **make up** | present | the thin coloured parts | the outer ring of a flower |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Petal is also a friendly name some people (especially in the north of England) call someone they love, like «love» or «pet».

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:petal:m2:1
# text = Petal is also a friendly name some people (especially in the north of England) call someone they love, like «love» or «pet».
1	Petal	petal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	_
17	call	call	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
18	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	17	obj	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	love	love	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	like	like	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Petal | a friendly name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | present | some people in the north of England | a friendly name *not said here* | someone |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient |
| 3 | **love** | present | people | love or pet |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer love=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A daisy has lots of thin white petals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:petal:x1:1
# text = A daisy has lots of thin white petals.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	daisy	daisy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a daisy | lots of thin white petals |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bees are drawn to the bright petals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:petal:x2:1
# text = Bees are drawn to the bright petals.
1	Bees	bee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	drawn	draw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | present · passive |  | Bees |  | the bright petals |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to petal=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rose petals fell onto the path.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:petal:x3:1
# text = Rose petals fell onto the path.
1	Rose	rose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | Rose petals |  |  | the path |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme onto path=Initial\_Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We counted five petals on the buttercup.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:petal:x4:1
# text = We counted five petals on the buttercup.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	counted	count	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	buttercup	buttercup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count** | past | We | five petals |  | the buttercup |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent petal=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The petals dropped off as the flower died.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:petal:x5:1
# text = The petals dropped off as the flower died.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop off** | past | the petals |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **die** | past | the flower |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Label the petal on your flower diagram.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:petal:x6:1
# text = Label the petal on your flower diagram.
1	Label	label	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	petal	petal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	diagram	diagram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **label** | imperative | you *not said here* | the petal |  | your flower diagram |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent petal=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The flower girl threw petals at the wedding.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:petal:x7:1
# text = The flower girl threw petals at the wedding.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | past | the flower girl | petals |  | the wedding |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent petal=Theme at wedding=Destination |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some petals are soft as velvet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:petal:x8:1
# text = Some petals are soft as velvet.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	velvet	velvet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | some petals |  |  |  |  | as velvet; soft *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At sunset it folded its petals, and fell asleep, and dreamt all night of the sun and the little bird.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:petal:x9:1
# text = At sunset it folded its petals, and fell asleep, and dreamt all night of the sun and the little bird.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	sunset	sunset	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	folded	fold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	dreamt	dreamt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
14	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
15	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl:unmarked	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fold** | past | it | its petals |  |  | sunset |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent petal=Patient |
| 2 | **fall** | past |  |  |  |  |  | asleep *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **dreamt** | past |  |  |  |  | night |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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