---
title: phrasal — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «phrasal» in the school dictionary: Made of a phrase, or to do with phrases. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# phrasal

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** special meaning, phrasal verb, teacher, you, milk, English · **What happens:** make, do, have, give up, look after, be · **To what, where:** verb, phrasal verb, care, list, phrasal verbs, thousands · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«phrasal» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [phrasal in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/phrasal.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Made of a phrase, or to do with phrases.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:phrasal:m1:1
# text = Made of a phrase, or to do with phrases.
1	Made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	phrase	phrase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	phrases	phrase	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | of a phrase | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with phrases | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In "phrasal verb": a verb made of a verb plus a small word like up, out, off or on, which together have a special meaning, like "give up" or "look after".

<!-- fold The tree, 31 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:phrasal:m2:1
# text = In "phrasal verb": a verb made of a verb plus a small word like up, out, off or on, which together have a special meaning, like "give up" or "look after".
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	phrasal	phrasal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	plus	plus	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
17	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	up	up	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	out	out	ADV	RB	_	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	off	off	ADV	RB	_	20	conj	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	on	on	ADV	RB	_	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	obj	_	_
27	together	together	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
33	like	like	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	acl:relcl	_	_
36	up	up	ADP	RP	_	35	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	35	punct	_	_
38	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
39	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	40	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	conj	_	_
41	after	after	ADP	IN	_	40	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	40	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | a verb plus a small word *not said here* |  |  |  | of a verb | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **have** | present |  | a verb plus a small word |  |  |  | together *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **give up** *in a quote* | infinitive | a special meaning *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **look after** *in a quote* | infinitive | a special meaning *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Give up" is a phrasal verb.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:phrasal:x1:1
# text = "Give up" is a phrasal verb.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Give	give	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	nsubj	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	phrasal	phrasal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give up** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | a phrasal verb |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Look after" is a phrasal verb meaning take care of.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:phrasal:x2:1
# text = "Look after" is a phrasal verb meaning take care of.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	nsubj	_	_
3	after	after	ADP	IN	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	phrasal	phrasal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
11	care	care	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look after** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | a phrasal verb |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **mean** | gerund | a phrasal verb *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **take of** *not said to happen* | infinitive | a phrasal verb *not said here* | care |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent care=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our teacher made a list of phrasal verbs with "get".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:phrasal:x3:1
# text = Our teacher made a list of phrasal verbs with "get".
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	list	list	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	phrasal	phrasal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	verbs	verb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	get	get	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Our teacher | a list of phrasal verbs |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **list** |  |  | phrasal verbs |  |  |  |  | nom list «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Run out of milk" uses the phrasal verb "run out".

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:phrasal:x4:1
# text = "Run out of milk" uses the phrasal verb "run out".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Run	run	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	phrasal	phrasal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	run	run	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
13	out	out	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **use** | present | milk | the phrasal verb |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent verb=Patient |
| 3 | **run out** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can you replace "find out" with one formal word? Yes: "discover".

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Can you replace "find out" with one formal word?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:phrasal:x5:1
# text = Can you replace "find out" with one formal word?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	replace	replace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
10	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | can | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **find out** *in a quote* | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with one formal word | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Yes: "discover".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:phrasal:x5:2
# text = Yes: "discover".
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	discover	discover	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **discover** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V PP.topic S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
English has thousands of phrasal verbs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:phrasal:x6:1
# text = English has thousands of phrasal verbs.
1	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	phrasal	phrasal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	verbs	verb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | English | thousands of phrasal verbs |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thousand=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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