---
title: physical — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «physical» in the school dictionary: Physical means about the body, not the mind: physical exercise, physical pain. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# physical

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Physical, Real things, PE, Melting ice, Rivers, Rugby · **What happens:** mean, touch, see, be, stand, run · **To what, where:** check up, good physical exercise, physical change, physical features, map, physical sport

<!-- .vabout -->
«physical» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [physical in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/physical.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Physical means about the body, not the mind: physical exercise, physical pain.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physical:m1:1
# text = Physical means about the body, not the mind: physical exercise, physical pain.
1	Physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Physical |  |  |  |  | about the body | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Real and solid, things you can touch and see.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physical:m2:1
# text = Real and solid, things you can touch and see.
1	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	solid	solid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	touch	touch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **touch** | can | Real things |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | infinitive | Real things *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
About physics or nature: a physical change.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physical:m3:1
# text = About physics or nature: a physical change.
1	About	about	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	physics	physics	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: US noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A physical is a check-up of your body by a doctor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physical:m4:1
# text = A physical is a check-up of your body by a doctor.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	physical	physical	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	check	check	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	up	up	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a physical | a check up |  |  |  | of your body; by a doctor | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
PE stands for physical education.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physical:x1:1
# text = PE stands for physical education.
1	PE	pe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	education	education	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | PE |  |  |  |  | for physical education | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for education=Attribute |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Running is good physical exercise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physical:x2:1
# text = Running is good physical exercise.
1	Running	run	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | good physical exercise |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Melting ice is a physical change.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physical:x3:1
# text = Melting ice is a physical change.
1	Melting	melt	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **melt** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Melting ice | a physical change |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rivers and mountains are physical features on a map.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physical:x4:1
# text = Rivers and mountains are physical features on a map.
1	Rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	features	feature	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Rivers and mountains | physical features |  | a map |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rugby is a very physical sport.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physical:x5:1
# text = Rugby is a very physical sport.
1	Rugby	rugby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Rugby | a physical sport |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A book is a physical object, but an e-book is not.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physical:x6:1
# text = A book is a physical object, but an e-book is not.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	e-book	e-book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a book | a physical object |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **be** | present | a e-book |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I had a physical before joining the team.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physical:x7:1
# text = I had a physical before joining the team.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	physical	physical	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	joining	join	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | I | a physical |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent physical=Patient |
| 2 | **join** | gerund | I *not said here* | the team |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent team=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Giants personified brute strength alone, but the Titans united to their great physical power intellectual qualifications variously developed.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physical:x8:1
# text = The Giants personified brute strength alone, but the Titans united to their great physical power intellectual qualifications variously developed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Giants	Giant	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	personified	personify	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	brute	brute	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Titans	Titan	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	united	unite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
14	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
17	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	qualifications	qualification	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
19	variously	variously	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	developed	develop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **personify** | past | the Giants | brute strength |  |  |  | alone *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **unite** | past | the Titans |  |  |  |  | to Titans's power intellectual qualifications | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient to qualification=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **develop** | participle |  | Titans's power intellectual qualifications *not said here* |  |  |  | variously *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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