---
title: physics — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «physics» in the school dictionary: Physics is the science of matter and energy and how they act: forces, motion, light, sound, heat, electricity, magnetism and the universe. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# physics

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Physics, matter, We, things, sister, laws · **What happens:** be, act, learn, explain, fall, study · **To what, where:** science, physics, university, energy, nothing, physics topics · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«physics» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [physics in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/physics.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Physics is the science of matter and energy and how they act: forces, motion, light, sound, heat, electricity, magnetism and the universe.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physics:m1:1
# text = Physics is the science of matter and energy and how they act: forces, motion, light, sound, heat, electricity, magnetism and the universe.
1	Physics	physics	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	12	advmod	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	act	act	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
14	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	motion	motion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	magnetism	magnetism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	universe	universe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Physics | the science and forces and motion and light and sound and heat and electricity and magnetism and the universe |  |  |  | of matter and energy | tree rules |
| 2 | **act** | present | matter |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We learned about forces in physics.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physics:x1:1
# text = We learned about forces in physics.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	physics	physic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | We |  |  | physics |  | about forces | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about force=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Physics explains why things fall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physics:x2:1
# text = Physics explains why things fall.
1	Physics	physics	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	explains	explain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | present | Physics |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **fall** | present | things |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My sister studies physics at university.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physics:x3:1
# text = My sister studies physics at university.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	studies	study	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	physics	physic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	university	university	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **study** | present | My sister | physics |  | university |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent physic=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The laws of physics say you can't make energy from nothing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physics:x4:1
# text = The laws of physics say you can't make energy from nothing.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	laws	law	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	physics	physic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
10	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the laws of physics |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **make** | can | you | energy |  | nothing |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent energy=Product from nothing=Material |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Light, sound and magnets are physics topics.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physics:x5:1
# text = Light, sound and magnets are physics topics.
1	Light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	magnets	magnet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	physics	physics	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	topics	topic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Light and sound and magnets | physics topics |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She wants to be a physics teacher.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:physics:x6:1
# text = She wants to be a physics teacher.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	physics	physics	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | present | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | a physics teacher |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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