---
title: pigment — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pigment» in the school dictionary: A pigment is a substance that gives colour to something, like the green in leaves or the colour of skin, hair and eyes. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pigment

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** pigment, substance, Chlorophyll, Melanin, Cave painters, We · **What happens:** be, give, mix, make, separate, use · **To what, where:** substance, colour, something, coloured powder, paint, green pigment

<!-- .vabout -->
«pigment» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pigment in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pigment.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pigment is a substance that gives colour to something, like the green in leaves or the colour of skin, hair and eyes.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pigment:m1:1
# text = A pigment is a substance that gives colour to something, like the green in leaves or the colour of skin, hair and eyes.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pigment	pigment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	green	green	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pigment | a substance |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | present | a substance | colour | something |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent colour=Theme to something=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pigment is also a coloured powder that is mixed with oil or water to make paint.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pigment:m2:1
# text = A pigment is also a coloured powder that is mixed with oil or water to make paint.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pigment	pigment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	coloured	coloured	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	mixed	mix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
17	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pigment | a coloured powder |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mix** | present · passive |  | a coloured powder |  |  |  | with oil or water | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient with oil=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | paint |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset paint=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chlorophyll is the green pigment in leaves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pigment:x1:1
# text = Chlorophyll is the green pigment in leaves.
1	Chlorophyll	chlorophyll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pigment	pigment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Chlorophyll | the green pigment |  | leaves |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Melanin is a pigment in our skin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pigment:x2:1
# text = Melanin is a pigment in our skin.
1	Melanin	melanin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pigment	pigment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Melanin | a pigment |  | our skin |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cave painters made pigments from red earth and charcoal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pigment:x3:1
# text = Cave painters made pigments from red earth and charcoal.
1	Cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	painters	painter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	pigments	pigment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	charcoal	charcoal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Cave painters | pigments |  | red earth and charcoal |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset pigment=Product from earth=Material |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We separated the pigments in a felt-tip pen using wet paper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pigment:x4:1
# text = We separated the pigments in a felt-tip pen using wet paper.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	separated	separate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pigments	pigment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
7	felt	felt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	tip	tip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
12	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **separate** | past | We | the pigments |  |  |  | in a tip pen *goal* | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent pigment=Theme in pen=Goal |
| 2 | **use** | gerund | We *not said here* | wet paper |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paper=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The artist mixed the blue pigment with oil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pigment:x5:1
# text = The artist mixed the blue pigment with oil.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	artist	artist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	mixed	mix	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	pigment	pigment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mix** | past | the artist | the blue pigment |  |  |  | with oil | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent pigment=Patient with oil=Co-Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In autumn the green pigment fades and the yellow shows through.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pigment:x6:1
# text = In autumn the green pigment fades and the yellow shows through.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pigment	pigment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	fades	fade	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	yellow	yellow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
11	through	through	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fade** | present | the green pigment |  |  |  | autumn |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **show** | present | the yellow |  |  |  |  | through *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some animals have no pigment and are pure white.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pigment:x7:1
# text = Some animals have no pigment and are pure white.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	pigment	pigment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | some animals | no pigment |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pigment=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | some animals *not said here* |  |  |  |  | white *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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