---
title: pilot — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pilot» in the school dictionary: A pilot is a person who flies a plane or helicopter. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pilot

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** pilot, person, pilot test, something, sailor, ship · **What happens:** be, fly, guide, steer, see, work · **To what, where:** person, plane, big ships, harbour, something, small first try · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«pilot» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pilot in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pilot.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pilot is a person who flies a plane or helicopter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pilot:m1:1
# text = A pilot is a person who flies a plane or helicopter.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	flies	fly	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	helicopter	helicopter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pilot | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fly** | present | a person | a plane or helicopter |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location plane=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who guides big ships into a harbour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pilot:m2:1
# text = A person who guides big ships into a harbour.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	guides	guide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **guide** | present | a person | big ships |  | a harbour |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ship=Theme into harbour=Destination |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To pilot is to fly or steer something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pilot:m3:1
# text = To pilot is to fly or steer something.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	advcl	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	fly	fly	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	steer	steer	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | fly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **steer** | infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pilot test or project is a small first try to see if something works.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pilot:m4:1
# text = A pilot test or project is a small first try to see if something works.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	project	project	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	10	amod	_	_
10	try	try	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl	_	_
13	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	15	nsubj	_	_
15	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pilot test or project | a small first try |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **work** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On a long sea voyage, the pilot is the sailor who works out which way the ship should go.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pilot:m5:1
# text = On a long sea voyage, the pilot is the sailor who works out which way the ship should go.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	voyage	voyage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sailor	sailor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	out	out	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	16	det	_	_
16	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl:unmarked	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
19	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the pilot | the sailor |  | a long sea voyage |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **work out** | present | the sailor | which way |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **go** | should | the ship | which way *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location way=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pilot flew the plane over the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pilot:x1:1
# text = The pilot flew the plane over the sea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | past | the pilot | the plane |  | the sea |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent plane=Theme over sea=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She wants to be a pilot when she grows up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pilot:x2:1
# text = She wants to be a pilot when she grows up.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	xcomp	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | present | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **is a** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | a pilot |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **grow up** | present | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pilot told us to fasten our seat belts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pilot:x3:1
# text = The pilot told us to fasten our seat belts.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	fasten	fasten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	belts	belt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the pilot |  | us |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **fasten** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the pilot *not said here* | our seat belts |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent belt=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pilot boat guided the ship into the port.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pilot:x4:1
# text = A pilot boat guided the ship into the port.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	guided	guide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	port	port	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **guide** | past | a pilot boat | the ship |  | the port |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ship=Theme into port=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He piloted the helicopter to the hospital.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pilot:x5:1
# text = He piloted the helicopter to the hospital.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	piloted	pilot	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	helicopter	helicopter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hospital	hospital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pilot** | past | He | the helicopter |  |  |  | to the hospital | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent helicopter=Beneficiary |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school is running a pilot of the new reading app.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pilot:x6:1
# text = The school is running a pilot of the new reading app.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	running	run	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	reading	reading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	app	app	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | present · progressive | the school | a pilot of the new reading app |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme pilot=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I was on autopilot and walked the wrong way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pilot:x7:1
# text = I was on autopilot and walked the wrong way.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	autopilot	autopilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | I |  |  | autopilot |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **walk** | past | I *not said here* | the wrong way |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme way=Trajectory |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jason was appointed commander-in-chief of the expedition, Tiphys acted as steersman, Lynceus as pilot.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pilot:x8:1
# text = Jason was appointed commander-in-chief of the expedition, Tiphys acted as steersman, Lynceus as pilot.
1	Jason	Jason	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	appointed	appoint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	commander	commander	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	expedition	expedition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	Tiphys	Tiphys	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	acted	act	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	steersman	steersman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	Lynceus	Lynceus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	pilot	pilot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appoint** | past · passive |  | Jason |  | chief of the expedition |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **act** | past | Tiphys |  |  |  |  | as steersman; as pilot | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as steersman=Attribute |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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