---
title: pioneer — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pioneer» in the school dictionary: noun. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pioneer

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Pioneers, Ada, hospital, Marie, Lichens, Indigenous people · **What happens:** do, lead, explore, settle, be, invent · **To what, where:** something, way, new land, covered wagons, pioneer, new heart operation · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«pioneer» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pioneer in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pioneer.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
noun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pioneer:m1:1
# text = noun.
1	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One of the first people to explore or settle in a new land.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pioneer:m1e:1
# text = One of the first people to explore or settle in a new land.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	amod	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	explore	explore	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	settle	settle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explore** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **settle** | infinitive |  |  |  | a new land |  |  | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in land=Location |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
noun: One of the first people to do something new, such as in science or art.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pioneer:m2:1
# text = noun: One of the first people to do something new, such as in science or art.
1	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
3	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	1	appos	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obj	_	_
11	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
16	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	parataxis	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"a pioneer of flight".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pioneer:m2e:1
# text = "a pioneer of flight".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	pioneer	pioneer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	flight	flight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
verb.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pioneer:m3:1
# text = verb.
1	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To be the first to do, invent or use something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pioneer:m3e:1
# text = To be the first to do, invent or use something.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	invent	invent	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | first *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **invent** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **use** | infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: pioneering, adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
New and leading the way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pioneer:m4:1
# text = New and leading the way.
1	New	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	leading	lead	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | gerund |  | the way |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pioneers travelled west in covered wagons.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pioneer:x1:1
# text = Pioneers travelled west in covered wagons.
1	Pioneers	pioneer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	travelled	travel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	west	west	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	covered	covered	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	wagons	wagon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | past | Pioneers |  |  | covered wagons |  | west *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wagon=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ada Lovelace was a pioneer of computer programming.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pioneer:x2:1
# text = Ada Lovelace was a pioneer of computer programming.
1	Ada	Ada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	Lovelace	Lovelace	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pioneer	pioneer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	programming	programming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Ada | a pioneer |  |  |  | of computer programming | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hospital pioneered a new heart operation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pioneer:x3:1
# text = The hospital pioneered a new heart operation.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hospital	hospital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pioneered	pioneer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pioneer** | past | the hospital | a new heart operation |  |  |  |  | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent operation=Beneficiary |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Marie Curie did pioneering work on radioactivity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pioneer:x4:1
# text = Marie Curie did pioneering work on radioactivity.
1	Marie	Marie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Curie	Curie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	pioneering	pioneer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
5	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	radioactivity	radioactivity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | Marie |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **pioneer** | gerund | Marie *not said here* | work |  | radioactivity |  |  | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Beneficiary |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lichens are pioneer plants on bare rock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pioneer:x5:1
# text = Lichens are pioneer plants on bare rock.
1	Lichens	lichen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	pioneer	pioneer	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	bare	bare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Lichens | pioneer plants |  | bare rock |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The settlers were called pioneers, though Indigenous people already lived there.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pioneer:x6:1
# text = The settlers were called pioneers, though Indigenous people already lived there.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	settlers	settler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	pioneers	pioneer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	Indigenous	indigenous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
10	already	already	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past · passive |  | the settlers |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **live** | past | Indigenous people |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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