---
title: plank — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «plank» in the school dictionary: A plank is a long, flat piece of wood. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# plank

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** plank, you, He, They, We, pirates · **What happens:** be, hold, rest, cut, need, cost · **To what, where:** long flat piece, exercise, body, arms, one main idea, plank

<!-- .vabout -->
«plank» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [plank in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/plank.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A plank is a long, flat piece of wood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plank:m1:1
# text = A plank is a long, flat piece of wood.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plank	plank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a plank | a long flat piece |  |  |  | of wood | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plank is also an exercise where you hold your body straight like a board, resting on your arms and toes.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plank:m2:1
# text = The plank is also an exercise where you hold your body straight like a board, resting on your arms and toes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plank	plank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	9	advmod	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	hold	hold	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	resting	rest	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	toes	toe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the plank | a exercise |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold** | present | you | your body |  |  |  | like a board | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Theme |
| 3 | **rest** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  | your arms and toes |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on arm=Location |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A plank can be one main idea of a plan, as in a political plan.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plank:m3:1
# text = A plank can be one main idea of a plan, as in a political plan.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plank	plank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
6	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a plank | one main idea and a political plan |  |  |  | of a plan | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A plank is 6 meters long.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plank:x1:1
# text = A plank is 6 meters long.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plank	plank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	meters	meter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a plank |  |  |  |  | 6 meters *obl:unmarked*; long *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He cuts the plank into 3 equal pieces.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plank:x2:1
# text = He cuts the plank into 3 equal pieces.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cuts	cut	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	plank	plank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
7	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | present | He | the plank |  | 3 equal pieces |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent plank=Material into piece=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They need 20 planks for the fence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plank:x3:1
# text = They need 20 planks for the fence.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	planks	plank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | They | 20 planks |  |  |  | for the fence | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot plank=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each plank costs 4 dollars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plank:x4:1
# text = Each plank costs 4 dollars.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	plank	plank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | each plank | 4 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We laid a plank across the stream to cross it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plank:x5:1
# text = We laid a plank across the stream to cross it.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	plank	plank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | past | We | a plank |  | the stream |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plank=Result |
| 2 | **cross** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | plank |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hold the plank for 30 seconds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plank:x6:1
# text = Hold the plank for 30 seconds.
1	Hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	plank	plank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	seconds	second	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | imperative | you *not said here* | the plank |  |  | second |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plank=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the story, the pirates made him walk the plank.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plank:x7:1
# text = In the story, the pirates made him walk the plank.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pirates	pirate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	plank	plank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the pirates | him *= he* |  | the story |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **walk** | infinitive | him *= he* *not said here* | the plank |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme plank=Trajectory |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad nailed the planks together to make a treehouse floor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plank:x8:1
# text = Dad nailed the planks together to make a treehouse floor.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	nailed	nail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	planks	plank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	together	together	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	treehouse	treehouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **nail** | past | Dad | the planks |  |  |  | together *property* | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plank=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | Dad *not said here* | a treehouse floor |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset floor=Product |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lovely Helena steps across the plank.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plank:x9:1
# text = The lovely Helena steps across the plank.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	lovely	lovely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Helena	Helena	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	steps	step	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	plank	plank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **step** | present | the lovely Helena |  |  | the plank |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across plank=Trajectory |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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