---
title: pledged — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pledged» in the school dictionary: Pledged means promised firmly or given as security for a debt. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pledged

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** They, He, We, our · **What happens:** pledge, mean, promise, give, not harm, help · **To what, where:** faith, her, cottage, neighbour, help, school · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«pledged» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pledged in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pledged.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pledged means promised firmly or given as security for a debt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pledged:m1:1
# text = Pledged means promised firmly or given as security for a debt.
1	Pledged	pledge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	promised	promise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	firmly	firmly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	security	security	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	debt	debt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pledge** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **promise** *speech: promise* | participle |  |  |  |  |  | firmly *property* | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **give** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | as security; for a debt | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent for debt=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They pledged their faith that they would not harm her.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pledged:x1:1
# text = They pledged their faith that they would not harm her.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pledged	pledge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	faith	faith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	harm	harm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
10	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pledge** | past | They | their faith |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent faith=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **harm** | would | they | her *= she* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus she=Experiencer |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He pledged his cottage to a neighbour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pledged:x2:1
# text = He pledged his cottage to a neighbour.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pledged	pledge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	cottage	cottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pledge** | past | He | his cottage |  |  |  | to a neighbour *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent cottage=Theme to neighbour=Goal |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We pledged our help to the school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pledged:x3:1
# text = We pledged our help to the school.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pledged	pledge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pledge** | past | We | our help |  |  |  | to the school *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent help=Theme to school=Goal |
| 2 | **help** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom help «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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