---
title: ploughman — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ploughman» in the school dictionary: A ploughman is a farm worker who ploughs fields, pulling the plough with oxen or horses. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ploughman

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**Who acts:** ploughman, farm worker · **What happens:** be, plough, pull, yoke, lead, drink · **To what, where:** farm worker, fields, plough, ox

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«ploughman» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ploughman in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ploughman.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A ploughman is a farm worker who ploughs fields, pulling the plough with oxen or horses.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ploughman:m1:1
# text = A ploughman is a farm worker who ploughs fields, pulling the plough with oxen or horses.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ploughman	ploughman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	worker	worker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	ploughs	plough	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	pulling	pull	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	plough	plough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a ploughman | a farm worker |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **plough** | present | a farm worker | fields |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent field=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **pull** | gerund | a farm worker *not said here* | the plough |  |  |  | with oxen or horses | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plough=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A ploughman yoked his ox and ass together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ploughman:x1:1
# text = A ploughman yoked his ox and ass together.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ploughman	ploughman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	yoked	yoke	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	ass	ass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	together	together	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **yoke** | past | a ploughman | ploughman's ox and ass |  |  |  | together *property* | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent ox=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ploughman led his oxen away to drink.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ploughman:x2:1
# text = The ploughman led his oxen away to drink.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ploughman	ploughman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | the ploughman |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 2 | **drink** | to-infinitive | the ploughman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ploughman was up before dawn to work the fields.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ploughman:x3:1
# text = The ploughman was up before dawn to work the fields.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ploughman	ploughman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	before	before	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dawn	dawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the ploughman |  |  |  | before dawn |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **work** | to-infinitive |  | the fields |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent field=Material |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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