---
title: plurality — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «plurality» in the school dictionary: More votes than any other single person or party, but not more than half of all votes. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# plurality

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** She, plurality, town, Democracy · **What happens:** be, win, vote, have, show, add · **To what, where:** majority, plurality, post, s.

<!-- .vabout -->
«plurality» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [plurality in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/plurality.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: voting — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
More votes than any other single person or party, but not more than half of all votes.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plurality:m1:1
# text = More votes than any other single person or party, but not more than half of all votes.
1	More	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	amod	_	_
2	votes	vote	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
5	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	15	advmod	_	_
14	than	than	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	7	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	det	_	_
18	votes	vote	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A large number or variety of things.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plurality:m2:1
# text = A large number or variety of things.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	variety	variety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"a plurality of opinions".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plurality:m2e:1
# text = "a plurality of opinions".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	plurality	plurality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	opinions	opinion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: grammar — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The state of being plural, more than one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plurality:m3:1
# text = The state of being plural, more than one.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	cop	_	_
5	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	9	advmod	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | plural *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She won with a plurality, but not a majority.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plurality:x1:1
# text = She won with a plurality, but not a majority.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plurality	plurality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	majority	majority	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | She | a majority |  |  |  | with a plurality | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A plurality of the class voted for pizza.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plurality:x2:1
# text = A plurality of the class voted for pizza.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plurality	plurality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	voted	vote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	pizza	pizza	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **vote** | past | a plurality of the class |  |  |  |  | for pizza *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent for pizza=Goal |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The town has a plurality of languages and cultures.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plurality:x3:1
# text = The town has a plurality of languages and cultures.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plurality	plurality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	cultures	culture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the town | a plurality of languages and cultures |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plurality=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In first past the post, a plurality is enough to win.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plurality:x4:1
# text = In first past the post, a plurality is enough to win.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	advmod	_	_
3	past	past	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	post	post	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	plurality	plurality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	win	win	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a plurality |  |  | the post |  | enough *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **win** | to-infinitive | a plurality *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plurality of nouns is shown by adding -s.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plurality:x5:1
# text = The plurality of nouns is shown by adding -s.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plurality	plurality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	nouns	noun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	adding	add	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	s.	S.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present · passive |  | the plurality of nouns |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | s. |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent s.=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Democracy needs a plurality of voices.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:plurality:x6:1
# text = Democracy needs a plurality of voices.
1	Democracy	democracy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	plurality	plurality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	voices	voice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | Democracy | a plurality of voices |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot plurality=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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