---
title: poisonous — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «poisonous» in the school dictionary: Containing poison; able to make you very ill or kill you if eaten, drunk, breathed in or touched. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# poisonous

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** mushrooms, you, berries, Bleach, Poison dart frogs, Carbon monoxide · **What happens:** contain, make, kill, eat, breathe in, touch · **To what, where:** poison, you, berries, bushes, Bleach, poisonous gas

<!-- .vabout -->
«poisonous» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [poisonous in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/poisonous.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Containing poison; able to make you very ill or kill you if eaten, drunk, breathed in or touched.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:poisonous:m1:1
# text = Containing poison; able to make you very ill or kill you if eaten, drunk, breathed in or touched.
1	Containing	contain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	poison	poison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
4	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	kill	kill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	drunk	drunk	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	breathed	breathe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	touched	touch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | gerund |  | poison |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot poison=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | you |  |  |  | ill *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product |
| 3 | **kill** | infinitive |  | you |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |
| 4 | **eat** *a condition, not said to happen* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **breathe in** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **touch** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Of a person or remarks: very unkind and harmful (figurative).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:poisonous:m2:1
# text = Of a person or remarks: very unkind and harmful (figurative).
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	remarks	remark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	acl:relcl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	harmful	harmful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	figurative	figurative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some mushrooms are poisonous.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:poisonous:x1:1
# text = Some mushrooms are poisonous.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	mushrooms	mushroom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | some mushrooms |  |  |  |  | poisonous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't eat berries from the bushes — they might be poisonous.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:poisonous:x2:1
# text = Don't eat berries from the bushes — they might be poisonous.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bushes	bush	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	cop	_	_
12	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **eat** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | berries |  | the bushes |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | might | berries *= berry* |  |  |  |  | poisonous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bleach is poisonous, so keep it locked away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:poisonous:x3:1
# text = Bleach is poisonous, so keep it locked away.
1	Bleach	bleach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	locked	lock	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	xcomp	_	_
9	away	away	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Bleach |  |  |  |  | poisonous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | infinitive |  | Bleach |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **lock away** | participle | Bleach *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Poison dart frogs are poisonous to touch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:poisonous:x4:1
# text = Poison dart frogs are poisonous to touch.
1	Poison	poison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	dart	dart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	touch	touch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Poison dart frogs |  |  |  |  | poisonous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **touch** | to-infinitive | Poison dart frogs *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas you can't smell.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:poisonous:x5:1
# text = Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas you can't smell.
1	Carbon	carbon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	monoxide	monoxide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	smell	smell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Carbon monoxide | a poisonous gas |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **smell** | can | you | a poisonous gas *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer gas=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Foxgloves are poisonous plants.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:poisonous:x6:1
# text = Foxgloves are poisonous plants.
1	Foxgloves	foxglove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Foxgloves | poisonous plants |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Is this spider poisonous or venomous?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:poisonous:x7:1
# text = Is this spider poisonous or venomous?
1	Is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	spider	spider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	venomous	venomous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | this spider |  |  |  |  | poisonous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | this spider *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chocolate is poisonous to dogs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:poisonous:x8:1
# text = Chocolate is poisonous to dogs.
1	Chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Chocolate |  |  |  |  | to dogs; poisonous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Poisonous flies and gnats flew into the coach by thousands.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:poisonous:x9:1
# text = Poisonous flies and gnats flew into the coach by thousands.
1	Poisonous	Poisonous	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	flies	fly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	gnats	gnat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | past | Poisonous flies and gnats |  |  | the coach |  | by thousands | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent by thousand=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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