---
title: political — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «political» in the school dictionary: About government, how a country is run and the people in power. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# political

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, country, political map, They, mayor, Voting · **What happens:** run, have, show, give, be, choose · **To what, where:** country, three main political parties, countries, political argument, dinner, political speech

<!-- .vabout -->
«political» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [political in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/political.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
About government, how a country is run and the people in power.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:political:m1:1
# text = About government, how a country is run and the people in power.
1	About	about	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	run	run	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl:agent	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | present · passive | the people in power | a country |  |  |  | about government | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent subject=Theme about government=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
About political parties and elections.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:political:m2:1
# text = About political parties and elections.
1	About	about	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	parties	party	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	elections	election	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
About power and arguments inside a group, like a school or a company.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:political:m3:1
# text = About power and arguments inside a group, like a school or a company.
1	About	about	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	arguments	argument	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The country has three main political parties.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:political:x1:1
# text = The country has three main political parties.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
5	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	parties	party	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the country | three main political parties |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent party=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A political map shows countries and their borders.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:political:x2:1
# text = A political map shows countries and their borders.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	borders	border	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a political map | countries and countries's borders |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent country=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They had a political argument at dinner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:political:x3:1
# text = They had a political argument at dinner.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	dinner	dinner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | They | a political argument |  | dinner |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent argument=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mayor gave a political speech.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:political:x4:1
# text = The mayor gave a political speech.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mayor	mayor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the mayor | a political speech |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speech=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Voting is a political right.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:political:x5:1
# text = Voting is a political right.
1	Voting	voting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	right	right	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Voting | a political right |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Choosing the team captain became quite political.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:political:x6:1
# text = Choosing the team captain became quite political.
1	Choosing	choose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	captain	captain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **choose** | gerund |  | the team captain |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent captain=Theme |
| 2 | **become** | past | Choosing |  |  |  |  | political *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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