---
title: pollute — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pollute» in the school dictionary: To pollute is to make air, water or land dirty and harmful by adding waste, smoke or chemicals. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pollute

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Cars, you, Plastic bags, Polluted water, we, Smoke · **What happens:** pollute, be, add, not pollute, fine, make · **To what, where:** waste, air, river, ocean, factory, lake

<!-- .vabout -->
«pollute» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pollute in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pollute.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To pollute is to make air, water or land dirty and harmful by adding waste, smoke or chemicals.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pollute:m1:1
# text = To pollute is to make air, water or land dirty and harmful by adding waste, smoke or chemicals.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	pollute	pollute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	harmful	harmful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	_
14	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
15	adding	add	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
16	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pollute** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | dirty, make *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **add** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | waste and smoke or chemicals |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waste=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cars pollute the air with fumes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pollute:x1:1
# text = Cars pollute the air with fumes.
1	Cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pollute	pollute	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	fumes	fume	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pollute** | present | Cars | the air |  |  |  | with fumes | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do not pollute the river with rubbish.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pollute:x2:1
# text = Do not pollute the river with rubbish.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	pollute	pollute	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **pollute** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | the river |  |  |  | with rubbish | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plastic bags pollute the ocean.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pollute:x3:1
# text = Plastic bags pollute the ocean.
1	Plastic	plastic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pollute	pollute	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pollute** | present | Plastic bags | the ocean |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The factory was fined for polluting the lake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pollute:x4:1
# text = The factory was fined for polluting the lake.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	factory	factory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	fined	fine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	polluting	pollute	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fine** | past · passive |  | the factory |  |  |  |  | vn bill-54.5-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **pollute** | gerund |  | the lake |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Polluted water can make animals ill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pollute:x5:1
# text = Polluted water can make animals ill.
1	Polluted	pollute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	amod	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pollute** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | can | Polluted water | animals |  |  |  | ill *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset animal=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How can we pollute less?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pollute:x6:1
# text = How can we pollute less?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	pollute	pollute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pollute** | can | we |  |  |  |  | less *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smoke from fires pollutes the air.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pollute:x7:1
# text = Smoke from fires pollutes the air.
1	Smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	pollutes	pollute	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pollute** | present | Smoke from fires | the air |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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