---
title: polytechnic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «polytechnic» in the school dictionary: A college that teaches many practical and technical subjects, like engineering, building, computing and design, often to older students and adults. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# polytechnic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** college, kind, most polytechnics, uncle, polytechnic, most British polytechnics · **What happens:** teach, exist, become, study, engineer, call · **To what, where:** many practical subjects, universities, many arts, polytechnic, colleges, New Zealand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«polytechnic» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [polytechnic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/polytechnic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A college that teaches many practical and technical subjects, like engineering, building, computing and design, often to older students and adults.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:polytechnic:m1:1
# text = A college that teaches many practical and technical subjects, like engineering, building, computing and design, often to older students and adults.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	college	college	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	teaches	teach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
6	practical	practical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	technical	technical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	subjects	subject	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	engineering	engineering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	computing	computing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	design	design	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	often	often	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	23	amod	_	_
23	students	student	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | present | a college | many practical subjects and engineering and building and computing and design and older students and adults |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kind of college that existed until 1992, when most polytechnics became universities.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:polytechnic:m2:1
# text = A kind of college that existed until 1992, when most polytechnics became universities.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	college	college	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	existed	exist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	until	until	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	1992	1992	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	13	mark	_	_
11	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	12	amod	_	_
12	polytechnics	polytechnic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
14	universities	university	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exist** | past | a kind of college |  |  |  | until 1992 |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **become** | past | most polytechnics | universities |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Teaching many arts and sciences, especially technical ones: a polytechnic school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:polytechnic:m3:1
# text = Teaching many arts and sciences, especially technical ones: a polytechnic school.
1	Teaching	teach	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	arts	art	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	sciences	science	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	technical	technical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	polytechnic	polytechnic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | gerund |  | many arts and sciences and technical ones |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent art=Recipient school=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My uncle studied engineering at a polytechnic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:polytechnic:x1:1
# text = My uncle studied engineering at a polytechnic.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	studied	study	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	engineering	engineer	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	polytechnic	polytechnic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **study** | past | My uncle |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **engineer** | gerund | My uncle *not said here* |  |  | a polytechnic |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In New Zealand some colleges were called polytechnics for many years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:polytechnic:x2:1
# text = In New Zealand some colleges were called polytechnics for many years.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
3	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	colleges	college	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	polytechnics	polytechnic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	xcomp	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past · passive |  | some colleges |  | New Zealand | year |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The polytechnic teaches plumbing, cooking and computer design.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:polytechnic:x3:1
# text = The polytechnic teaches plumbing, cooking and computer design.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	polytechnic	polytechnic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	teaches	teach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	plumbing	plumbing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	cooking	cooking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	design	design	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | present | the polytechnic | plumbing and cooking and computer design |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent plumbing=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In 1992 most British polytechnics became universities.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:polytechnic:x4:1
# text = In 1992 most British polytechnics became universities.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1992	1992	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	_
3	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
4	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	polytechnics	polytechnic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	universities	university	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | most British polytechnics | universities |  |  |  | in 1992 *result* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 1992=Result |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum went to the poly to train as a nurse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:polytechnic:x5:1
# text = Mum went to the poly to train as a nurse.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	poly	poly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	train	train	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	nurse	nurse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | Mum |  |  | the poly |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to poly=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **train** | to-infinitive | Mum *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as a nurse | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as nurse=Attribute |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute is a famous college in the USA.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:polytechnic:x6:1
# text = Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute is a famous college in the USA.
1	Rensselaer	Rensselaer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	Polytechnic	Polytechnic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	Institute	Institute	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	college	college	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Rensselaer | a famous college |  | the USA |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A polytechnic is good for people who like hands-on learning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:polytechnic:x7:1
# text = A polytechnic is good for people who like hands-on learning.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	polytechnic	polytechnic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	like	like	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	learning	learning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a polytechnic |  |  |  |  | for people; good *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **like** | present | people | hands |  | learning |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot hand=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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