---
title: pope — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pope» in the school dictionary: The Pope is the leader of the Roman Catholic Church, who lives in Vatican City in Rome; Catholics see him as following Saint Peter. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pope

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Pope, leader, Catholics, White smoke, people, new pope · **What happens:** be, live, see, follow, give, rise · **To what, where:** leader, Vatican City, Rome, Saint Peter, title, Orthodox churches

<!-- .vabout -->
«pope» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pope in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pope.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Pope is the leader of the Roman Catholic Church, who lives in Vatican City in Rome; Catholics see him as following Saint Peter.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pope:m1:1
# text = The Pope is the leader of the Roman Catholic Church, who lives in Vatican City in Rome; Catholics see him as following Saint Peter.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Pope	Pope	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	leader	leader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	Catholic	Catholic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Church	Church	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	Vatican	Vatican	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	City	City	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	Catholics	Catholic	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
21	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
24	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	advcl	_	_
25	Saint	Saint	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	Peter	Peter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Pope | the leader |  |  |  | of the Roman Catholic Church | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | present | the leader |  |  | Vatican City |  | in Rome | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in city=Location |
| 3 | **see** | present | Catholics | Rome |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 4 | **follow** | gerund | Catholics *not said here* | Saint Peter |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent peter=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In some Orthodox churches, "pope" is also a title for certain leaders, like the Pope of Alexandria.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pope:m2:1
# text = In some Orthodox churches, "pope" is also a title for certain leaders, like the Pope of Alexandria.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
3	Orthodox	orthodox	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	churches	church	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	pope	pope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	also	also	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	title	title	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	leaders	leader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	like	like	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Pope	Pope	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Alexandria	Alexandria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | pope | a title |  | some Orthodox churches |  | for certain leaders; like the Pope of Alexandria | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Pope gave a blessing to the crowd in Saint Peter's Square.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pope:x1:1
# text = The Pope gave a blessing to the crowd in Saint Peter's Square.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Pope	Pope	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	blessing	blessing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	Saint	Saint	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	Peter	Peter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	Square	Square	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the Pope | a blessing | the crowd in Saint Peter's Square |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent blessing=Theme to crowd=Recipient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
White smoke rose, and people cheered: there was a new pope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pope:x2:1
# text = White smoke rose, and people cheered: there was a new pope.
1	White	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	cheered	cheer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	10	expl	_	_
10	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	pope	pope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | past | White smoke |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cheer** | past | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **be** | past | a new pope |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our school watched the Pope's Christmas message.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pope:x3:1
# text = Our school watched the Pope's Christmas message.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Pope	Pope	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | past | Our school | the Pope's Christmas message |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Catholics see the Pope as the successor of Saint Peter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pope:x4:1
# text = Catholics see the Pope as the successor of Saint Peter.
1	Catholics	Catholic	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Pope	Pope	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	successor	successor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Saint	Saint	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	Peter	Peter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | present | Catholics | the Pope |  |  |  | as the successor of Saint | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer pope=Stimulus as successor=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Pope lives in Vatican City, the smallest country in the world.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pope:x5:1
# text = The Pope lives in Vatican City, the smallest country in the world.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Pope	Pope	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	Vatican	Vatican	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	City	City	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	smallest	small	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	10	amod	_	_
10	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | the Pope |  |  | Vatican City |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in city=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many popes have taken the name John or Pius.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pope:x6:1
# text = Many popes have taken the name John or Pius.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	popes	pope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	John	John	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Pius	Pius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present · perfect · passive |  | Many popes |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme name=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then our Pope besought him, crying--

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pope:x7:1
# text = Then our Pope besought him, crying--
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	Pope	Pope	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	besought	beseech	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	crying	cry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beseech** | past | our Pope | him *= he* |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | gerund | our Pope *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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