---
title: porch — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «porch» in the school dictionary: A small covered area or room at the entrance to a house, outside the front door. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# porch

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, you, We, Grandpa, cat, he · **What happens:** cover, sit, leave, drink, turn, have · **To what, where:** muddy boots, porch, lemonade, parcel, front porch, porch light

<!-- .vabout -->
«porch» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [porch in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/porch.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A small covered area or room at the entrance to a house, outside the front door.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:porch:m1:1
# text = A small covered area or room at the entrance to a house, outside the front door.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	entrance	entrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	front	front	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: US, Canada — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A covered area along the front or side of a house where people can sit; a veranda.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:porch:m2:1
# text = A covered area along the front or side of a house where people can sit; a veranda.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	along	along	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	15	advmod	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	veranda	veranda	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sit** | can | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leave your muddy boots in the porch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:porch:x1:1
# text = Leave your muddy boots in the porch.
1	Leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	muddy	muddy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	boots	boot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	porch	porch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | imperative | you *not said here* | your muddy boots |  | the porch |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent boot=Theme in porch=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We sat on the porch and drank lemonade.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:porch:x2:1
# text = We sat on the porch and drank lemonade.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	porch	porch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	drank	drink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	lemonade	lemonade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | We |  |  | the porch |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on porch=Location |
| 2 | **drink** | past | We *not said here* | lemonade |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lemonade=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The parcel was left on the front porch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:porch:x3:1
# text = The parcel was left on the front porch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	parcel	parcel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	front	front	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	porch	porch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past · passive |  | the parcel |  | the front porch |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme on porch=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turn on the porch light for the visitors.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:porch:x4:1
# text = Turn on the porch light for the visitors.
1	Turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	porch	porch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	visitors	visitor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the porch light |  | for the visitors | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on light=Trajectory |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa has a rocking chair on his porch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:porch:x5:1
# text = Grandpa has a rocking chair on his porch.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	rocking	rock	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	chair	chair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	porch	porch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Grandpa | a rocking chair |  | Grandpa's porch |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chair=Patient |
| 2 | **rock** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cat was sleeping on our porch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:porch:x6:1
# text = A cat was sleeping on our porch.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	sleeping	sleep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	porch	porch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | past · progressive | a cat |  |  | our porch |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now one night he heard some one knocking at the porch, asking for admittance.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:porch:x7:1
# text = Now one night he heard some one knocking at the porch, asking for admittance.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	knocking	knock	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	porch	porch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	asking	ask	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	admittance	admittance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | he | some one |  |  | now; night |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus |
| 2 | **knock** | gerund | some one *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the porch | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at porch=Patient |
| 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for admittance | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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