---
title: postdate — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «postdate» in the school dictionary: To write a date on a cheque or document that is later than the day you write it, so it only counts from that later day. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# postdate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cheque, date, houses, Dad, bank, library · **What happens:** write, be, count, happen, exist, postdate · **To what, where:** date, cheque, castle, postdated cheque, church, oldest ones

<!-- .vabout -->
«postdate» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [postdate in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/postdate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To write a date on a cheque or document that is later than the day you write it, so it only counts from that later day.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:postdate:m1:1
# text = To write a date on a cheque or document that is later than the day you write it, so it only counts from that later day.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	date	date	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cheque	cheque	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	document	document	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	17	advmod	_	_
13	than	than	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	write	write	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	so	so	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	only	only	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	counts	count	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
24	from	from	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	27	det	_	_
26	later	late	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	27	amod	_	_
27	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | to-infinitive |  | a date |  | a cheque or document |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent date=Theme on cheque=Destination |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | late *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **write** | present | a cheque or document | date |  |  | day |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 4 | **count** | present | date |  |  |  | day |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To happen or exist after something else: «These houses postdate the castle.».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:postdate:m2:1
# text = To happen or exist after something else: «These houses postdate the castle.».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	happen	happen	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	exist	exist	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	_
7	else	else	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	11	det	_	_
11	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	postdate	postdate	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	appos	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **exist** | infinitive |  |  |  |  | after something |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **postdate** *in a quote* | infinitive | this houses | the castle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad postdated the cheque to the first of next month.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:postdate:x1:1
# text = Dad postdated the cheque to the first of next month.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	postdated	postdate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cheque	cheque	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	first	first	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **postdate** | past | Dad | the cheque |  |  |  | to the first of next month | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bank will not pay a postdated cheque before its date.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:postdate:x2:1
# text = The bank will not pay a postdated cheque before its date.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	postdated	postdate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	cheque	cheque	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	before	before	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	date	date	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **pay** | future | the bank | a postdated cheque |  |  | before bank's date |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cheque=Asset |
| 2 | **postdate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The town's library postdates the church by two hundred years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:postdate:x3:1
# text = The town's library postdates the church by two hundred years.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	postdates	postdate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	compound	_	_
10	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **postdate** | present | the town's library | the church |  |  | year |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
These cave paintings postdate the oldest ones found in Spain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:postdate:x4:1
# text = These cave paintings postdate the oldest ones found in Spain.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	paintings	painting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	postdate	postdate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	oldest	old	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **postdate** | present | this cave paintings | the oldest ones |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | participle |  | the oldest ones *not said here* |  | Spain |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If something postdates another thing, it came later.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:postdate:x5:1
# text = If something postdates another thing, it came later.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	nsubj	_	_
3	postdates	postdate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
4	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **postdate** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | something | another thing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | past | thing |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coins in the hoard postdate the Roman invasion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:postdate:x6:1
# text = The coins in the hoard postdate the Roman invasion.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coins	coin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hoard	hoard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	postdate	postdate	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	invasion	invasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **postdate** | infinitive | the coins in the hoard | the Roman invasion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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