---
title: potato — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «potato» in the school dictionary: A potato is a vegetable that grows under the ground; we eat it cooked. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# potato

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** potato, vegetable, we, couch potato, person, She · **What happens:** be, grow, eat, cook, sit, watch · **To what, where:** vegetable, ground, potato, person, TV, 8 potatoes

<!-- .vabout -->
«potato» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [potato in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/potato.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A potato is a vegetable that grows under the ground; we eat it cooked.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:potato:m1:1
# text = A potato is a vegetable that grows under the ground; we eat it cooked.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	potato	potato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	vegetable	vegetable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	under	under	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	cooked	cook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a potato | a vegetable |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | present | a vegetable |  |  | the ground |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under ground=Location |
| 3 | **eat** | present | we | potato |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **cook** | participle | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A couch potato is a person who sits watching TV a lot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:potato:m2:1
# text = A couch potato is a person who sits watching TV a lot.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	couch	couch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	potato	potato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	sits	sit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	watching	watch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	xcomp	_	_
10	TV	TV	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a couch potato | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sit** | present | a person |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **watch** | gerund | a person *not said here* | TV |  |  |  | a lot *obl* | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tv=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She peeled 8 potatoes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:potato:x1:1
# text = She peeled 8 potatoes.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	peeled	peel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	potatoes	potato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **peel** | past | She | 8 potatoes |  |  |  |  | vn pit-10.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent potato=Source |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bag holds 5 kg of potatoes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:potato:x2:1
# text = A bag holds 5 kg of potatoes.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	kg	kg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	potatoes	potato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | a bag | 5 kg of potatoes |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kg=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each potato weighs 200 grams.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:potato:x3:1
# text = Each potato weighs 200 grams.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	potato	potato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	weighs	weigh	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	200	200	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	grams	gram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weigh** | present | each potato | 200 grams |  |  |  |  | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme gram=Value |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He planted 3 rows of potatoes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:potato:x4:1
# text = He planted 3 rows of potatoes.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	planted	plant	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	rows	row	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	potatoes	potato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plant** | past | He | 3 rows of potatoes |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent row=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had baked potatoes for dinner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:potato:x5:1
# text = We had baked potatoes for dinner.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	baked	bake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	potatoes	potato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dinner	dinner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | past · perfect | We | potatoes |  |  |  | for dinner | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent potato=Product for dinner=Beneficiary |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Potatoes grow under the ground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:potato:x6:1
# text = Potatoes grow under the ground.
1	Potatoes	potato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	under	under	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Potatoes |  |  | the ground |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under ground=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
French fries are made from potatoes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:potato:x7:1
# text = French fries are made from potatoes.
1	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	fries	fry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	potatoes	potato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | French fries |  | potatoes |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from potato=Material |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A potato with green skin should not be eaten.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:potato:x8:1
# text = A potato with green skin should not be eaten.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	potato	potato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **eat** | should · passive |  | a potato with green skin |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't be a couch potato, go outside and play!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:potato:x9:1
# text = Don't be a couch potato, go outside and play!
1	Do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	couch	couch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	potato	potato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	outside	outside	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	play	play	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | infinitive |  | a couch potato |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **go** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | outside *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **play** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She put a great potato into his hand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:potato:x10:1
# text = She put a great potato into his hand.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	potato	potato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | She | a great potato |  | his hand |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent potato=Goal |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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