---
title: precede — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «precede» in the school dictionary: To come or go before something in time, order or place. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# precede

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Lightning, number, short film, you, short silence, She · **What happens:** come, go, precede, be, read, proceed · **To what, where:** something, thunder, B., alphabet, 100, 99

<!-- .vabout -->
«precede» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [precede in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/precede.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To come or go before something in time, order or place.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:precede:m1:1
# text = To come or go before something in time, order or place.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	before	before	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | infinitive |  |  |  | something |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme before something=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lightning precedes thunder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:precede:x1:1
# text = Lightning precedes thunder.
1	Lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	precedes	precede	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **precede** | present | Lightning | thunder |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thunder=Co-Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the alphabet, A precedes B.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:precede:x2:1
# text = In the alphabet, A precedes B.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	precedes	precede	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	B.	b.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **precede** | present |  | B. |  | the alphabet |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme b.=Co-Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The number that precedes 100 is 99.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:precede:x3:1
# text = The number that precedes 100 is 99.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	precedes	precede	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	99	99	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **precede** | present | the number | 100 |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme 100=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the number | 99 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The main show was preceded by a short film.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:precede:x4:1
# text = The main show was preceded by a short film.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	show	show	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	preceded	precede	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **precede** | past · passive | a short film | the main show |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Read the preceding paragraph again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:precede:x5:1
# text = Read the preceding paragraph again.
1	Read	read	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	preceding	precede	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	amod	_	_
4	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	again	again	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | imperative | you *not said here* | the preceding paragraph |  |  | again |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paragraph=Topic |
| 2 | **precede** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A short silence preceded the cheers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:precede:x6:1
# text = A short silence preceded the cheers.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	silence	silence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	preceded	proceed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cheers	cheer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **proceed** | past | a short silence | the cheers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She became united to Erebus, and their children were Aether and Hemera (Air and Daylight), evidently a simile of the poets, to indicate that darkness always precedes light.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:precede:x7:1
# text = She became united to Erebus, and their children were Aether and Hemera (Air and Daylight), evidently a simile of the poets, to indicate that darkness always precedes light.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	united	united	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Erebus	Erebus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	Aether	Aether	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	xcomp	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	Hemera	Hemera	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Air	Air	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	Daylight	Daylight	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	evidently	evidently	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	simile	simile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	poets	poet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	indicate	indicate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
29	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
30	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
31	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	32	advmod	_	_
32	precedes	precede	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	ccomp	_	_
33	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | She |  |  |  |  | united *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | past | their children | Aether and Hemera |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **indicate** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot clause=Topic |
| 4 | **precede** | present | darkness | light |  |  |  | always *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme light=Co-Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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