---
title: predator — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «predator» in the school dictionary: A predator is an animal that hunts and eats other animals. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# predator

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** predator, animal, dangerous person, lion, owl, Sharks · **What happens:** be, hunt, eat, call, mean, try · **To what, where:** animal, other animals, animals, dangerous person, others, predator · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«predator» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [predator in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/predator.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A predator is an animal that hunts and eats other animals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:predator:m1:1
# text = A predator is an animal that hunts and eats other animals.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	hunts	hunt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
10	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a predator | a animal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hunt** | present | a animal |  |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **eat** | present | a animal *not said here* | other animals |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The animals a predator eats are called its prey.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:predator:m2:1
# text = The animals a predator eats are called its prey.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | a predator | the animals *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Patient |
| 2 | **call** | present · passive |  | the animals |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A predator can also mean a dangerous person who tries to harm others, especially children.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:predator:m3:1
# text = A predator can also mean a dangerous person who tries to harm others, especially children.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	tries	try	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	harm	harm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | a predator | a dangerous person |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Topic |
| 2 | **try** | present | a dangerous person |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **harm** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a dangerous person *not said here* | others  children |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus other=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lion is a predator that hunts zebras.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:predator:x1:1
# text = The lion is a predator that hunts zebras.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	hunts	hunt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	zebras	zebra	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the lion | a predator |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hunt** | present | a predator | zebras |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent zebra=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An owl is a predator of mice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:predator:x2:1
# text = An owl is a predator of mice.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	owl	owl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	mice	mouse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a owl | a predator |  |  |  | of mice | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sharks are top predators in the ocean.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:predator:x3:1
# text = Sharks are top predators in the ocean.
1	Sharks	shark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	predators	predator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Sharks | top predators |  | the ocean |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rabbits watch out for predators like foxes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:predator:x4:1
# text = Rabbits watch out for predators like foxes.
1	Rabbits	rabbit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	watch	watch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	predators	predator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	foxes	fox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch out** | present | Rabbits |  |  |  |  | for predators like foxes | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent for predator=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the food chain, the predator eats the prey.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:predator:x5:1
# text = In the food chain, the predator eats the prey.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	chain	chain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | the predator | the prey |  | the food chain |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A ladybird is a predator of tiny greenflies.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:predator:x6:1
# text = A ladybird is a predator of tiny greenflies.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ladybird	ladybird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	greenflies	greenfly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a ladybird | a predator |  |  |  | of tiny greenflies | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Camouflage helps animals hide from predators.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:predator:x7:1
# text = Camouflage helps animals hide from predators.
1	Camouflage	camouflage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hide	hide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	predators	predator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Camouflage |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **hide** | infinitive | animals |  |  | predators |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent from predator=Beneficiary |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tell a trusted adult if anyone online makes you feel unsafe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:predator:x8:1
# text = Tell a trusted adult if anyone online makes you feel unsafe.
1	Tell	tell	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	trusted	trust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
7	online	online	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	unsafe	unsafe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | a trusted adult |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient |
| 2 | **trust** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | anyone | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **feel** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unsafe *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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