---
title: preform — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «preform» in the school dictionary: A preform is an object that has been partly shaped before its final shape, such as the small plastic tube that is blown up into a drinks bottle. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# preform

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** preform, Plastic bottles, machine, We · **What happens:** be, shape, blow up, preform, start, heat · **To what, where:** object, small plastic tube, drinks bottle, preform, bottle, Glass fibre

<!-- .vabout -->
«preform» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [preform in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/preform.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: technical — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A preform is an object that has been partly shaped before its final shape, such as the small plastic tube that is blown up into a drinks bottle.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preform:m1:1
# text = A preform is an object that has been partly shaped before its final shape, such as the small plastic tube that is blown up into a drinks bottle.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	preform	preform	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	aux:pass	_	_
9	partly	partly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
11	before	before	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	final	final	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	21	case	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
19	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
20	plastic	plastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	tube	tube	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	_
22	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	blown	blow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	acl:relcl	_	_
25	up	up	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
26	into	into	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	drinks	drink	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	compound	_	_
29	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a preform | a object |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shape** | present · perfect · passive |  | a object |  |  | before preform's final shape | partly *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 3 | **blow up** | present · passive |  | the small plastic tube |  | a drinks bottle |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into bottle=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb, rare — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To preform is to shape something beforehand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preform:m2:1
# text = To preform is to shape something beforehand.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	preform	preform	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	shape	shape	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	beforehand	beforehand	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **preform** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | beforehand, shape *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plastic bottles start as small preforms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preform:x1:1
# text = Plastic bottles start as small preforms.
1	Plastic	plastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	bottles	bottle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	start	start	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	preforms	preform	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | present | Plastic bottles |  |  |  |  | as small preforms | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The machine heats the preform and blows it into a bottle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preform:x2:1
# text = The machine heats the preform and blows it into a bottle.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	machine	machine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	heats	heat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	preform	preform	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	blows	blow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heat** | present | the machine | the preform |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent preform=Patient |
| 2 | **blow** | present | the machine *not said here* | preform |  | a bottle |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent it=Material into bottle=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We looked at a preform in technology class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preform:x3:1
# text = We looked at a preform in technology class.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	preform	preform	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	technology	technology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | We |  |  |  |  | at a preform in technology class | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at preform=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The preform looks like a thick test tube.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preform:x4:1
# text = The preform looks like a thick test tube.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	preform	preform	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	tube	tube	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | the preform |  |  |  |  | like a thick test tube | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Glass fibre is pulled from a preform.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preform:x5:1
# text = Glass fibre is pulled from a preform.
1	Glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	fibre	fibre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	pulled	pull	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	preform	preform	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | present · passive |  | Glass fibre |  | a preform |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: subject=Theme from preform=Initial\_Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A preform is heated until it is soft.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preform:x6:1
# text = A preform is heated until it is soft.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	preform	preform	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	heated	heat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heat** | present · passive |  | a preform |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | preform |  |  |  |  | soft *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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