---
title: preservation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «preservation» in the school dictionary: Preservation is keeping something safe from harm, damage or decay. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/preservation/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [P](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/) / preservation

# preservation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Preservation, long time, Freezing, society, mummy, Self preservation · **What happens:** keep, dry, salt, freeze, can, be · **To what, where:** something, food, good method, old buildings, Salt, planet

<!-- .vabout -->
«preservation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [preservation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/preservation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Preservation is keeping something safe from harm, damage or decay.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preservation:m1:1
# text = Preservation is keeping something safe from harm, damage or decay.
1	Preservation	preservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	harm	harm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	decay	decay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present · progressive | Preservation | something |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Preservation is keeping food fresh for a long time by drying, salting, freezing, canning or other ways.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preservation:m2:1
# text = Preservation is keeping food fresh for a long time by drying, salting, freezing, canning or other ways.
1	Preservation	preservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	drying	dry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	salting	salt	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	freezing	freeze	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	canning	can	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present · progressive | Preservation | food |  |  | time | fresh *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme |
| 2 | **dry** | gerund | a long time *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **salt** | gerund | Preservation *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **freeze** | gerund | Preservation *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **can** | gerund | Preservation *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Freezing is a good method of food preservation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preservation:x1:1
# text = Freezing is a good method of food preservation.
1	Freezing	freezing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	preservation	preservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Freezing | a good method |  |  |  | of food preservation | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The society works for the preservation of old buildings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preservation:x2:1
# text = The society works for the preservation of old buildings.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	society	society	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	preservation	preservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	buildings	building	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | the society |  |  |  |  | for the preservation of old buildings | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for preservation=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **preserve** |  |  | old buildings |  |  |  |  | nom preservation «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Salt was used for preservation long ago.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preservation:x3:1
# text = Salt was used for preservation long ago.
1	Salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	preservation	preservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
7	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past · passive |  | Salt |  |  |  | for preservation; ago *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for preservation=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The preservation of rainforests helps the planet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preservation:x4:1
# text = The preservation of rainforests helps the planet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	preservation	preservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	rainforests	rainforest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | the preservation of rainforests | the planet |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent planet=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **preserve** |  |  | rainforests |  |  |  |  | nom preservation «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mummy was in a good state of preservation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preservation:x5:1
# text = The mummy was in a good state of preservation.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mummy	mummy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	preservation	preservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the mummy |  |  | a good state |  | of preservation | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Self-preservation made the rabbit run.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preservation:x6:1
# text = Self-preservation made the rabbit run.
1	Self	self	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	preservation	preservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	rabbit	rabbit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	run	run	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Self preservation | the rabbit run |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset run=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jam is a kind of fruit preservation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preservation:x7:1
# text = Jam is a kind of fruit preservation.
1	Jam	jam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	preservation	preservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Jam | a kind |  |  |  | of fruit preservation | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wildlife preservation protects rare animals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preservation:x8:1
# text = Wildlife preservation protects rare animals.
1	Wildlife	wildlife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	preservation	preservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	protects	protect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	rare	rare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | present | Wildlife preservation |  | rare animals |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Beneficiary |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Virgilius spent many days in deep thought, and at length invented a plan which was known to all as the ‘Preservation of Rome.’

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preservation:x9:1
# text = Virgilius spent many days in deep thought, and at length invented a plan which was known to all as the ‘Preservation of Rome.’
1	Virgilius	Virgilius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	thought	thought	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
12	invented	invent	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl:relcl	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	obl	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	Preservation	preservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | Virgilius |  |  | deep thought | day |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **invent** | past | Virgilius *not said here* | a plan |  | length |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plan=Result |
| 3 | **know** | past · passive |  | a plan |  |  |  | to all; as the Preservation of Rome | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as preservation=Attribute |
| 4 | **preserve** |  |  | Rome |  |  |  |  | nom preservation «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [presently](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/presently/)
- next →: [preserve](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/preserve/)
- ↑ back to [P in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/)