---
title: presidency — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «presidency» in the school dictionary: The presidency is the job of being president. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# presidency

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**Who acts:** presidency, person, She, He, many laws · **What happens:** be, win, run, last, change, pass · **To what, where:** job, time, president, presidency, election, USA

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«presidency» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [presidency in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/presidency.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The presidency is the job of being president.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presidency:m1:1
# text = The presidency is the job of being president.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	presidency	presidency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	cop	_	_
8	president	president	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the presidency | the job |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | of president | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A presidency is the time during which a person is president.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presidency:m2:1
# text = A presidency is the time during which a person is president.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	presidency	presidency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	during	during	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	president	president	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a presidency | the time |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a person | president |  |  | during the time |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She won the presidency of the school council.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presidency:x1:1
# text = She won the presidency of the school council.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	presidency	presidency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | She | the presidency of the school council |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent presidency=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lincoln's presidency was during the American Civil War.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presidency:x2:1
# text = Lincoln's presidency was during the American Civil War.
1	Lincoln	Lincoln	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	presidency	presidency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
5	during	during	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	Civil	Civil	PROPN	NNP	_	9	flat	_	_
9	War	War	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Lincoln's presidency |  |  |  | during the American Civil War |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He ran for the presidency in the election.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presidency:x3:1
# text = He ran for the presidency in the election.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	presidency	presidency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	election	election	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | He |  |  | the election |  | for the presidency | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in election=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The presidency lasts four years in the USA.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presidency:x4:1
# text = The presidency lasts four years in the USA.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	presidency	presidency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lasts	last	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **last** | present | the presidency |  |  | the USA | year |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
During her presidency, many laws changed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presidency:x5:1
# text = During her presidency, many laws changed.
1	During	during	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	presidency	presidency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	laws	law	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | many laws |  |  |  | during her presidency |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The presidency of the club passed to Mrs Ahmed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presidency:x6:1
# text = The presidency of the club passed to Mrs Ahmed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	presidency	presidency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	Mrs	Mrs	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Ahmed	Ahmed	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past | the presidency of the club |  |  | Mrs Ahmed |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to ahmed=Initial\_Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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