---
title: presto — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «presto» in the school dictionary: Presto means suddenly and as if by magic, with something happening at once. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# presto

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**Who acts:** Presto, music presto, He, dog, magician · **What happens:** mean, happen, take, be, come, wave · **To what, where:** bag, hand

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«presto» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [presto in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/presto.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Presto means suddenly and as if by magic, with something happening at once.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presto:m1:1
# text = Presto means suddenly and as if by magic, with something happening at once.
1	Presto	Presto	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	magic	magic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	appos	_	_
12	happening	happen	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Presto |  |  |  |  | suddenly *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **happen** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at once=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In music presto means very fast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presto:m2:1
# text = In music presto means very fast.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	presto	presto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | music presto |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He took the bag and, presto! was gone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presto:x1:1
# text = He took the bag and, presto! was gone.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	presto	presto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	gone	gone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | He | the bag |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bag=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | presto |  |  |  |  | gone *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hey, presto! The dog came with eyes as big as saucers.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Hey, presto!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presto:x2:1
# text = Hey, presto!
1	Hey	hey	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	presto	presto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* The dog came with eyes as big as saucers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presto:x2:2
# text = The dog came with eyes as big as saucers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	as	as	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	saucers	saucer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  | with eyes; big *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The magician waved his hand, and presto, the rabbit was gone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:presto:x3:1
# text = The magician waved his hand, and presto, the rabbit was gone.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	magician	magician	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	waved	wave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
8	presto	presto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	rabbit	rabbit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	gone	gone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wave** | past | the magician | magician's hand |  |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | presto and the rabbit |  |  |  |  | gone *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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