---
title: pretzel — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pretzel» in the school dictionary: A baked snack made from dough twisted into a loose knot shape, usually salty; it can be hard and crunchy or big and soft. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pretzel

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** baked snack, He, I, 36 pretzels, soft pretzel, yoga pose · **What happens:** bake, make, twist, be, bend, have · **To what, where:** baked snack, dough, loose knot shape, strange shape, himself, pretzel

<!-- .vabout -->
«pretzel» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pretzel in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pretzel.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A baked snack made from dough twisted into a loose knot shape, usually salty; it can be hard and crunchy or big and soft.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pretzel:m1:1
# text = A baked snack made from dough twisted into a loose knot shape, usually salty; it can be hard and crunchy or big and soft.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	baked	bake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	snack	snack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dough	dough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	twisted	twist	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	loose	loose	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	knot	knot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	salty	salty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	expl	_	_
18	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	cop	_	_
20	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	crunchy	crunchy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a baked snack *not said here* |  | dough |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from dough=Material |
| 3 | **twist** | participle |  | dough *not said here* |  | a loose knot shape |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into shape=Trajectory |
| 4 | **is** | can | a baked snack |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  | a baked snack *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **be** |  | a baked snack *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **be** |  | a baked snack *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something bent or twisted into a strange shape: «He twisted himself into a pretzel».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pretzel:m2:1
# text = Something bent or twisted into a strange shape: «He twisted himself into a pretzel».
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
2	bent	bend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	twisted	twist	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	twisted	twist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
13	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	12	obj	_	_
14	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	pretzel	pretzel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bend** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **twist** | participle |  |  |  | a strange shape |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into shape=Trajectory |
| 3 | **twist** *in a quote* | past | He | himself *= he* |  | a pretzel |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent himself=Theme into pretzel=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I had a salty pretzel at the fair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pretzel:x1:1
# text = I had a salty pretzel at the fair.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	salty	salty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pretzel	pretzel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fair	fair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | I | a salty pretzel |  | the fair |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pretzel=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are 36 pretzels shared between 4 friends.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pretzel:x2:1
# text = There are 36 pretzels shared between 4 friends.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	36	36	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	pretzels	pretzel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	shared	share	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | 36 pretzels |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **share** | participle |  | 36 pretzels *not said here* |  |  |  | between 4 friends | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A soft pretzel costs $2.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pretzel:x3:1
# text = A soft pretzel costs $2.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	pretzel	pretzel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	$	$	SYM	$	_	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | a soft pretzel |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme $=Value |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The yoga pose made me feel like a pretzel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pretzel:x4:1
# text = The yoga pose made me feel like a pretzel.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	yoga	yoga	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	pose	pose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pretzel	pretzel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the yoga pose | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **feel** | infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a pretzel | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V S»: agent=Agent like pretzel=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pretzels come from Germany.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pretzel:x5:1
# text = Pretzels come from Germany.
1	Pretzels	pretzel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Germany	Germany	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Pretzels |  |  | Germany |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from germany=Initial\_Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rope was tied like a pretzel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pretzel:x6:1
# text = The rope was tied like a pretzel.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pretzel	pretzel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tie** | past · passive |  | the rope |  |  |  | like a pretzel | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad bought a bag of pretzel sticks for the trip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pretzel:x7:1
# text = Dad bought a bag of pretzel sticks for the trip.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	pretzel	pretzel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	sticks	stick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | Dad | a bag of pretzel sticks |  |  |  | for the trip | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent bag=Theme for trip=Beneficiary |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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