---
title: prevalent — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «prevalent» in the school dictionary: Common or widespread in a place or at a time: «Colds are prevalent in winter.». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# prevalent

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Colds, Head lice, prevalent wind, Smartphones, Kangaroos, Bullying · **What happens:** be, blow, think, serve · **To what, where:** primary schools, Malaria prevalent, hot wet countries, prevalent, many parts, more prevalent

<!-- .vabout -->
«prevalent» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [prevalent in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/prevalent.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Common or widespread in a place or at a time: «Colds are prevalent in winter.».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:prevalent:m1:1
# text = Common or widespread in a place or at a time: «Colds are prevalent in winter.».
1	Common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	widespread	widespread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Colds	cold	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Colds |  |  |  | winter | prevalent *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Most common, strongest among others.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:prevalent:m2:1
# text = Most common, strongest among others.
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	2	amod	_	_
2	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	strongest	strong	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	2	obl	_	_
5	among	among	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Head lice are prevalent in primary schools.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:prevalent:x1:1
# text = Head lice are prevalent in primary schools.
1	Head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	lice	louse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	primary	primary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Head lice |  |  | primary schools |  | prevalent *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Malaria is prevalent in some hot, wet countries.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:prevalent:x2:1
# text = Malaria is prevalent in some hot, wet countries.
1	Malaria	malaria	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	prevalent	prevalent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
6	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Malaria prevalent |  | some hot wet countries |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The prevalent wind here blows from the west.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:prevalent:x3:1
# text = The prevalent wind here blows from the west.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	prevalent	prevalent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
5	blows	blow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	west	west	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow** | present | the prevalent wind |  |  |  |  | from the west | vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from west=Co-Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smartphones are prevalent among teenagers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:prevalent:x4:1
# text = Smartphones are prevalent among teenagers.
1	Smartphones	smartphone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	prevalent	prevalent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	among	among	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	teenagers	teenager	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Smartphones | prevalent |  |  |  | among teenagers | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kangaroos are prevalent in many parts of Australia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:prevalent:x5:1
# text = Kangaroos are prevalent in many parts of Australia.
1	Kangaroos	kangaroo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Kangaroos |  |  | many parts of Australia |  | prevalent *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bullying online is more prevalent than many adults think.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:prevalent:x6:1
# text = Bullying online is more prevalent than many adults think.
1	Bullying	bullying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	online	online	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	prevalent	prevalent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Bullying | more prevalent |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | present | many adults |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The second story will serve as an illustration of one of the Russian customs with respect to the dead, and also of the ideas about witchcraft, still prevalent in Russia.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:prevalent:x7:1
# text = The second story will serve as an illustration of one of the Russian customs with respect to the dead, and also of the ideas about witchcraft, still prevalent in Russia.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	serve	serve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	illustration	illustration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	Russian	Russian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	customs	custom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
22	also	also	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
26	about	about	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	witchcraft	witchcraft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	still	still	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	prevalent	prevalent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	appos	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Russia	Russia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | future | the second story |  |  |  |  | as a illustration of one of the Russian customs with respect to the dead and the ideas about witchcraft | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as illustration=Attribute |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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