---
title: preview — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «preview» in the school dictionary: A preview is a chance to see something before it is shown to everyone, such as a film or a show. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# preview

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** preview, lesson, file, you, We, teacher · **What happens:** be, see, show, come, cover, look · **To what, where:** chance, something, preview, everyone, short look, computer · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«preview» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [preview in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/preview.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A preview is a chance to see something before it is shown to everyone, such as a film or a show.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preview:m1:1
# text = A preview is a chance to see something before it is shown to everyone, such as a film or a show.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	preview	preview	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	chance	chance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	_
9	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	ccomp	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	19	case	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	show	show	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a preview | a chance |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **show** | present · passive |  | preview | everyone |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to everyone=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A preview is a short look at something coming later, like a trailer or a summary of what a lesson will cover.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preview:m2:1
# text = A preview is a short look at something coming later, like a trailer or a summary of what a lesson will cover.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	preview	preview	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	look	look	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nmod	_	_
9	coming	come	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	trailer	trailer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	summary	summary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	nmod	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
22	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	cover	cover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a preview | a short look |  | something |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | like a trailer or a summary of a trailer or a summary of a trailer; late *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **cover** | future | a lesson |  |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On a computer, a preview shows how a file, photo or page will look before you print, send or open it.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preview:m3:1
# text = On a computer, a preview shows how a file, photo or page will look before you print, send or open it.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	preview	preview	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	file	file	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	page	page	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
15	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	_
17	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	print	print	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	open	open	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a preview |  |  | a computer |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **look** | future | a file or page |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **print** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **send** | infinitive | a file or page *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **open** | infinitive | a file or page *not said here* | preview |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To preview something is to look at it, or show it, in advance.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preview:m4:1
# text = To preview something is to look at it, or show it, in advance.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	preview	preview	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	show	show	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	advance	advance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **preview** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | it |  | look *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **show** | infinitive |  | it |  |  |  | in advance | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Patient in advance=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We got a sneak preview of the school play at the dress rehearsal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preview:x1:1
# text = We got a sneak preview of the school play at the dress rehearsal.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	sneak	sneak	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	preview	preview	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	play	play	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	dress	dress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	rehearsal	rehearsal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | We | a sneak preview of the school play at the dress rehearsal |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer preview=Stimulus |
| 2 | **preview** |  |  | the school play at the dress rehearsal |  |  |  |  | nom preview «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Click print preview to check the page before you print.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preview:x2:1
# text = Click print preview to check the page before you print.
1	Click	click	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	print	print	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	preview	preview	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	check	check	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	page	page	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	print	print	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **click** | imperative | you *not said here* | print preview |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **check** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the page |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent page=Theme |
| 3 | **print** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher previewed tomorrow's lesson on fractions.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preview:x3:1
# text = The teacher previewed tomorrow's lesson on fractions.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	previewed	preview	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	fractions	fraction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **preview** | past | the teacher | tomorrow's lesson |  | fractions |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Before reading, preview the headings and pictures.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preview:x4:1
# text = Before reading, preview the headings and pictures.
1	Before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	reading	read	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	preview	preview	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	headings	heading	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **preview** | imperative | you *not said here* | the headings and pictures |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My phone shows a preview of each message.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preview:x5:1
# text = My phone shows a preview of each message.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	preview	preview	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | My phone | a preview of each message |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent preview=Recipient |
| 2 | **preview** |  |  | each message |  |  |  |  | nom preview «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The film preview made it look really scary.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preview:x6:1
# text = The film preview made it look really scary.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	preview	preview	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	really	really	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	scary	scary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the film preview | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | scary *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Preview your email before you send it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:preview:x7:1
# text = Preview your email before you send it.
1	Preview	preview	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	email	email	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	send	send	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **preview** | imperative | you *not said here* | your email |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **send** | present | you | email |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **email** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom email «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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