---
title: primrose — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «primrose» in the school dictionary: A primrose is a small wild plant with pale yellow flowers that bloom early in spring, common in Britain and Europe. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# primrose

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** primrose, pale yellow flowers, Primroses, woods, We, you · **What happens:** be, bloom, flower, paint, not pick, leave · **To what, where:** small wild plant, soft pale yellow colour, name, hedge, bedroom, wild primroses · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«primrose» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [primrose in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/primrose.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A primrose is a small wild plant with pale yellow flowers that bloom early in spring, common in Britain and Europe.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:primrose:m1:1
# text = A primrose is a small wild plant with pale yellow flowers that bloom early in spring, common in Britain and Europe.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	primrose	primrose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	pale	pale	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	bloom	bloom	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	advmod	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a primrose | a small wild plant |  |  |  | with pale yellow flowers | tree rules |
| 2 | **bloom** | present | pale yellow flowers |  |  |  | spring | early *property* | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Primrose, or primrose yellow, is a soft, pale yellow colour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:primrose:m2:1
# text = Primrose, or primrose yellow, is a soft, pale yellow colour.
1	Primrose	primrose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	primrose	primrose	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
9	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	pale	pale	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Primrose | a soft pale yellow colour |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Primrose can be a girl's name.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:primrose:m3:1
# text = Primrose can be a girl's name.
1	Primrose	primrose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | Primrose | a girl's name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Primroses were flowering along the hedge in March.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:primrose:x1:1
# text = Primroses were flowering along the hedge in March.
1	Primroses	primrose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	flowering	flower	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	along	along	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hedge	hedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	March	March	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flower** | past · progressive | Primroses |  |  | the hedge in March |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along hedge=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The woods were full of pale yellow primroses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:primrose:x2:1
# text = The woods were full of pale yellow primroses.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	pale	pale	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	primroses	primrose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the woods |  |  |  |  | of pale yellow primroses; full *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We painted the bedroom primrose yellow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:primrose:x3:1
# text = We painted the bedroom primrose yellow.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	painted	paint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bedroom	bedroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	primrose	primrose	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | past | We | the bedroom |  |  |  | yellow *property* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent bedroom=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please don't pick wild primroses; leave them for the bees.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:primrose:x4:1
# text = Please don't pick wild primroses; leave them for the bees.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	pick	pick	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	primroses	primrose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	bees	bee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **pick** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | wild primroses |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent primrose=Patient |
| 2 | **leave** | infinitive | you *not said here* | primroses *= primrose* |  |  |  | for the bees | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Theme for bee=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Primrose is one of the first flowers of spring.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:primrose:x5:1
# text = Primrose is one of the first flowers of spring.
1	Primrose	primrose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Primrose | one |  |  |  | of the first flowers of spring | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My aunt's cat is called Primrose.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:primrose:x6:1
# text = My aunt's cat is called Primrose.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	Primrose	primrose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | My aunt's cat |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The primrose has a ring of five soft petals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:primrose:x7:1
# text = The primrose has a ring of five soft petals.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	primrose	primrose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ring	ring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
8	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the primrose | a ring of five soft petals |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now and then he stooped to pluck a violet, or a primrose, or a yellow but-ter-cup.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:primrose:x8:1
# text = Now and then he stooped to pluck a violet, or a primrose, or a yellow but-ter-cup.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	stooped	stoop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	pluck	pluck	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	violet	violet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	primrose	primrose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	_
18	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	ter	ter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stoop** | past | he | a primrose |  |  | now; then |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pluck** | to-infinitive | he *not said here* | a violet |  |  |  |  | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent violet=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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