---
title: private — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «private» in the school dictionary: Private means belonging to or for one person or group only, not for everyone: a private room. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# private

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Private, you, This, diary, we, private parts · **What happens:** mean, belong, not share, not run, be, keep · **To what, where:** private soldier, password, private beach, private, private photos, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«private» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [private in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/private.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Private means belonging to or for one person or group only, not for everyone: a private room.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:private:m1:1
# text = Private means belonging to or for one person or group only, not for everyone: a private room.
1	Private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	belonging	belong	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	xcomp	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	3	fixed	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Private |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **belong** *not said to happen* | gerund | Private *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for one person or group; for everyone | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Private means secret or personal, not to be shared with others: private information.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:private:m2:1
# text = Private means secret or personal, not to be shared with others: private information.
1	Private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	shared	share	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	information	information	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Private |  |  |  |  | secret *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **share** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  | with others  private information | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Private means not run by the government: a private school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:private:m3:1
# text = Private means not run by the government: a private school.
1	Private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	run	run	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Private |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **run** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A private is a soldier of the lowest rank.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:private:m4:1
# text = A private is a soldier of the lowest rank.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	soldier	soldier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	lowest	low	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
9	rank	rank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a private soldier |  |  |  | of the lowest rank | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep your password private.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:private:x1:1
# text = Keep your password private.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	password	password	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | your password |  |  |  | private *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent password=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This is a private beach — no entry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:private:x2:1
# text = This is a private beach — no entry.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
8	entry	entry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | This | a private beach and no entry |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My diary is private.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:private:x3:1
# text = My diary is private.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	diary	diary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My diary |  |  |  |  | private *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can we talk in private?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:private:x4:1
# text = Can we talk in private?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | can | we |  |  | private |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never share private photos online.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:private:x5:1
# text = Never share private photos online.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	share	share	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	photos	photo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	online	online	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **share** | imperative | you *not said here* | private photos |  |  |  | online *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your private parts belong to you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:private:x6:1
# text = Your private parts belong to you.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	belong	belong	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **belong** | present | Your private parts |  | you |  |  |  | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She goes to a private school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:private:x7:1
# text = She goes to a private school.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | She |  |  | a private school |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to school=Initial\_Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Set your account to private.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:private:x8:1
# text = Set your account to private.
1	Set	set	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set** | imperative | you *not said here* | your account |  |  |  | to private | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient account=Result |
| 2 | **account** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom account «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The next day the steward asked to speak to me in private.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:private:x9:1
# text = The next day the steward asked to speak to me in private.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	steward	steward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the steward |  |  |  | day |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the steward *not said here* |  | me | private |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to i=Co-Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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