---
title: profane — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «profane» in the school dictionary: Profane language is rude, offensive or shows no respect for religion; swearing. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# profane

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Profane language, Profane, film, formal invaders, profane shouting, His · **What happens:** be, show, swear, mean, oppose, profane · **To what, where:** respect, holy place, formal Profane language, class, film, He

<!-- .vabout -->
«profane» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [profane in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/profane.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Profane language is rude, offensive or shows no respect for religion; swearing.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profane:m1:1
# text = Profane language is rude, offensive or shows no respect for religion; swearing.
1	Profane	profane	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	offensive	offensive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	10	det	_	_
10	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	swearing	swear	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Profane language |  |  |  |  | rude *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Profane language *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **show** | present | Profane language *not said here* | no respect |  |  |  | for religion | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent respect=Recipient |
| 4 | **swear** | gerund | Profane language *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Profane means not religious, ordinary and everyday, as opposed to sacred.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profane:m2:1
# text = Profane means not religious, ordinary and everyday, as opposed to sacred.
1	Profane	profane	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	religious	religious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	everyday	everyday	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	opposed	oppose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	sacred	sacred	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Profane |  |  |  |  | religious *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **oppose** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | to sacred | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To profane a holy place or thing is to treat it with disrespect.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profane:m3:1
# text = To profane a holy place or thing is to treat it with disrespect.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	profane	profane	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	holy	holy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	treat	treat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	disrespect	disrespect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **profane** | to-infinitive |  | a holy place or thing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | with disrespect; treat *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(formal) Profane language is not permitted in class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profane:x1:1
# text = (formal) Profane language is not permitted in class.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Profane	profane	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	permitted	permit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **permit** | present · passive |  | formal Profane language |  | class |  |  | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in class=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The film was rated for its profane words.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profane:x2:1
# text = The film was rated for its profane words.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	rated	rate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	profane	profane	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rate** | past · passive |  | the film |  |  |  | for film's profane words | vn price-54.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **word** |  | film |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was told off for a profane joke.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profane:x3:1
# text = He was told off for a profane joke.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	told	tell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	profane	profane	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell off** *speech: assert* | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  | for a profane joke | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(formal) The invaders profaned the temple.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profane:x4:1
# text = (formal) The invaders profaned the temple.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	invaders	invader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	profaned	profane	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	temple	temple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **profane** | past | the formal invaders | the temple |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sacred music and profane music were both played.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profane:x5:1
# text = Sacred music and profane music were both played.
1	Sacred	sacred	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	profane	profane	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	both	both	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | past · passive |  | Sacred music and profane music |  |  |  | both *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His profane shouting upset the neighbours.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profane:x6:1
# text = His profane shouting upset the neighbours.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	profane	profane	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	shouting	shouting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	upset	upset	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	neighbours	neighbour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **upset** | past | His profane shouting | the neighbours |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus neighbour=Experiencer |
| 2 | **shout** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom shouting «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(formal) Profane remarks will result in a detention.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profane:x7:1
# text = (formal) Profane remarks will result in a detention.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Profane	profane	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	remarks	remark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	result	result	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	detention	detention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **result** | future | formal Profane remarks |  |  | a detention |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in detention=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The poem mixes the holy and the profane.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profane:x8:1
# text = The poem mixes the holy and the profane.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	mixes	mix	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	holy	holy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	profane	profane	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mix** | present | the poem | the holy |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent holy=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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