---
title: profuse — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «profuse» in the school dictionary: Coming or given in very large amounts, pouring out: «profuse bleeding», «profuse sweating». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# profuse

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** He, Profuse bleeding, roses, visitors, tree · **What happens:** come, give, pour out, sweat, grow, make · **To what, where:** large amounts, profuse apologies, window, firm pressure, profuse bunches, she · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«profuse» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [profuse in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/profuse.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coming or given in very large amounts, pouring out: «profuse bleeding», «profuse sweating».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profuse:m1:1
# text = Coming or given in very large amounts, pouring out: «profuse bleeding», «profuse sweating».
1	Coming	come	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	csubj	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	amounts	amount	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	pouring	pour	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	conj	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	profuse	profuse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	bleeding	bleeding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	profuse	profuse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	appos	_	_
19	sweating	sweat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **give** | participle |  |  |  | large amounts |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **pour out** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
| 4 | **sweat** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Given very freely and many times: «profuse apologies», «profuse thanks».

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profuse:m2:1
# text = Given very freely and many times: «profuse apologies», «profuse thanks».
1	Given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
2	very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	freely	freely	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	1	cc	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	profuse	profuse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	apologies	apology	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	profuse	profuse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	thanks	thanks	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | freely *property* | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Growing thickly and in great numbers: «profuse flowers».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profuse:m3:1
# text = Growing thickly and in great numbers: «profuse flowers».
1	Growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	csubj	_	_
2	thickly	thickly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	profuse	profuse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | thickly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He made profuse apologies for breaking the window.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profuse:x1:1
# text = He made profuse apologies for breaking the window.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	profuse	profuse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	apologies	apology	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	breaking	break	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | He | profuse apologies |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apology=Product |
| 2 | **break** | gerund | He *not said here* | the window |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer window=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Profuse bleeding needs firm pressure and a grown-up to call for help.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profuse:x2:1
# text = Profuse bleeding needs firm pressure and a grown-up to call for help.
1	Profuse	profuse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	bleeding	bleeding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	firm	firm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pressure	pressure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	appos	_	_
8	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | Profuse bleeding | firm pressure |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot pressure=Theme |
| 2 | **grow up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **call** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | for help | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for help=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The roses grew in profuse bunches over the wall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profuse:x3:1
# text = The roses grew in profuse bunches over the wall.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roses	rose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	profuse	profuse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bunches	bunch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | the roses |  |  | profuse bunches |  | over the wall | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bunch=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the race she was covered in profuse sweat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profuse:x4:1
# text = After the race she was covered in profuse sweat.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	profuse	profuse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	sweat	sweat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | past · passive |  | she |  |  | after the race | in profuse sweat | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in sweat=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The visitors gave profuse thanks for the meal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profuse:x5:1
# text = The visitors gave profuse thanks for the meal.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	visitors	visitor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	profuse	profuse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	thanks	thanks	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the visitors | profuse thanks |  |  |  | for the meal | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent thanks=Theme for meal=Asset |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tree has profuse white blossom in spring.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:profuse:x6:1
# text = The tree has profuse white blossom in spring.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	profuse	profuse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	blossom	blossom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the tree | profuse white blossom |  |  | in spring |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blossom=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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