---
title: promisee — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «promisee» in the school dictionary: The person to whom a promise is made; the one who will receive what was promised. The person who makes the promise is the «promisor». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# promisee

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** one, person, I, you, promisee, shop · **What happens:** make, receive, promise, be, give, ask · **To what, where:** promise, promisor, bike, you, promisee, court · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«promisee» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [promisee in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/promisee.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: law, formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The person to whom a promise is made; the one who will receive what was promised. The person who makes the promise is the «promisor».

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The person to whom a promise is made; the one who will receive what was promised.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promisee:m1:1
# text = The person to whom a promise is made; the one who will receive what was promised.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	nmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
13	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	receive	receive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	promised	promise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | a promise |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **receive** | future | the one |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* The person who makes the promise is the «promisor».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promisee:m1:2
# text = The person who makes the promise is the «promisor».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	promisor	promisor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the person | the promise |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promise=Product |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | the person | the promisor |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If I promise to give you my bike, you are the promisee.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promisee:x1:1
# text = If I promise to give you my bike, you are the promisee.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	promise	promise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	promisee	promisee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promise** *speech: promise* *a condition, not said to happen* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **give** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | my bike | you |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient bike=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | present | you | the promisee |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The promisee can ask a court for help if a contract is broken.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promisee:x2:1
# text = The promisee can ask a court for help if a contract is broken.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	promisee	promisee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	iobj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	contract	contract	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | can | the promisee |  | a court |  |  | for help | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent court=Recipient |
| 2 | **break** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · passive |  | a contract |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the contract, the shop is the promisor and the customer is the promisee.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promisee:x3:1
# text = In the contract, the shop is the promisor and the customer is the promisee.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	contract	contract	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	promisor	promisor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	customer	customer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	promisee	promisee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the shop | the promisor and the promisee |  | the contract |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the customer | the promisee |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A promisee trusts that the promise will be kept.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promisee:x4:1
# text = A promisee trusts that the promise will be kept.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	promisee	promisee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	trusts	trust	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trust** | present | a promisee |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **keep** | future · passive |  | the promise |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lawyers use the word promisee, but children just say «the one I promised».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promisee:x5:1
# text = Lawyers use the word promisee, but children just say «the one I promised».
1	Lawyers	lawyer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	promisee	promisee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	just	just	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
14	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	promised	promise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Lawyers | the word promisee |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promisee=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | children | the one |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent one=Topic |
| 3 | **promise** *speech: promise* *in a quote* | past | children *= child* | the one *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent one=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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