---
title: promontory — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «promontory» in the school dictionary: A high point of land or rock that sticks out into the sea or a lake; a headland. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# promontory

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** rock, part, lighthouse, We, Waves, ruined fort · **What happens:** stick out, point, stand, walk out, watch, wear away · **To what, where:** sea, land, bump, rocky promontory, seals, soft rock

<!-- .vabout -->
«promontory» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [promontory in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/promontory.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A high point of land or rock that sticks out into the sea or a lake; a headland.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promontory:m1:1
# text = A high point of land or rock that sticks out into the sea or a lake; a headland.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	sticks	stick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	headland	headland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stick out** | present | rock |  |  | the sea or a lake |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into sea=Destination |
| 2 | **point** |  |  | land or rock |  |  |  |  | nom point «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science, body — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A part of the body that sticks out, a bump on a bone.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promontory:m2:1
# text = A part of the body that sticks out, a bump on a bone.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	sticks	stick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bump	bump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stick out** | present | a part of the body | a bump on a bone |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lighthouse stands on a rocky promontory.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promontory:x1:1
# text = The lighthouse stands on a rocky promontory.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lighthouse	lighthouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	rocky	rocky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	promontory	promontory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | the lighthouse |  |  | a rocky promontory |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on promontory=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We walked out to the end of the promontory to watch seals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promontory:x2:1
# text = We walked out to the end of the promontory to watch seals.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	promontory	promontory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	watch	watch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
12	seals	seal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk out** | past | We |  |  |  | to the end of the promontory | out *property* | vn resign-10.11 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **watch** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | seals |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seal=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Waves slowly wear away the soft rock around a promontory.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promontory:x3:1
# text = Waves slowly wear away the soft rock around a promontory.
1	Waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	wear	wear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	around	around	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	promontory	promontory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear away** | present | Waves | the soft rock |  | a promontory |  | away, slowly *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent rock=Source |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tintagel Castle was built on a promontory in Cornwall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promontory:x4:1
# text = Tintagel Castle was built on a promontory in Cornwall.
1	Tintagel	Tintagel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	Castle	Castle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	promontory	promontory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Cornwall	Cornwall	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past · passive |  | Tintagel |  | a promontory in Cornwall |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme on promontory=Source |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From the promontory we could see both bays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promontory:x5:1
# text = From the promontory we could see both bays.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	promontory	promontory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	bays	bay	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | could | we | both bays |  | the promontory |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bay=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ruined fort stood on a promontory high above the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promontory:x6:1
# text = The ruined fort stood on a promontory high above the sea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	ruined	ruin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	fort	fort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	promontory	promontory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	high	high	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
9	above	above	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ruin** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stand** | past | the ruined fort |  |  | a promontory |  | above the sea; high *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on promontory=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"I saw it when it was part of the castle of Marck Stig on the promontory.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promontory:x7:1
# text = "I saw it when it was part of the castle of Marck Stig on the promontory.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Marck	Marck	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	Stig	Stig	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	flat	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	promontory	promontory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** *in a quote* | past | I | it |  | the promontory |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | it | part |  |  |  | of the castle of Marck | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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