---
title: promote — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «promote» in the school dictionary: To move someone to a higher job or rank. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# promote

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** something, people, manager, Exercise, Sunlight, band · **What happens:** move, help, grow, happen, advertise, make · **To what, where:** someone, higher job, something, people, it, team

<!-- .vabout -->
«promote» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [promote in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/promote.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To move someone to a higher job or rank.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:m1:1
# text = To move someone to a higher job or rank.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	move	move	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	higher	high	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	rank	rank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  | a higher job or rank |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent someone=Theme to job=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was promoted to manager.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:m1e:1
# text = She was promoted to manager.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	promoted	promote	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	manager	manager	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promote** | past · passive | manager | She |  |  |  |  | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To help something grow or happen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:m2:1
# text = To help something grow or happen.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	help	help	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent something=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | infinitive | something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **happen** | infinitive | something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Exercise promotes good health.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:m2e:1
# text = Exercise promotes good health.
1	Exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	promotes	promote	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	health	health	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promote** | present | Exercise | good health |  |  |  |  | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent health=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To advertise something to make people buy it or come to it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:m3:1
# text = To advertise something to make people buy it or come to it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	advertise	advertise	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **advertise** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot something=Topic |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **buy** | infinitive | people *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 4 | **come** | infinitive | people *not said here* |  |  | it |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to it=Initial\_Location |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: sport, UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To move a team up to a higher league.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:m4:1
# text = To move a team up to a higher league.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	move	move	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	higher	high	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
9	league	league	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move up** | to-infinitive |  | a team |  |  |  | to a higher league | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent team=Theme to league=Trajectory |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: school, US — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To move a pupil up to the next grade.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:m5:1
# text = To move a pupil up to the next grade.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	move	move	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	grade	grade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move up** | to-infinitive |  | a pupil |  | the next grade |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent pupil=Theme to grade=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad was promoted at work and got a pay rise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:x1:1
# text = Dad was promoted at work and got a pay rise.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	promoted	promote	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	pay	pay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	rise	rise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promote** | past · passive |  | Dad |  | work |  |  | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **get** | past |  | a pay rise |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rise=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sunlight promotes plant growth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:x2:1
# text = Sunlight promotes plant growth.
1	Sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	promotes	promote	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promote** | present | Sunlight | plant growth |  |  |  |  | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent growth=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The band is promoting their new song on the radio.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:x3:1
# text = The band is promoting their new song on the radio.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	band	band	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	promoting	promote	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promote** | present · progressive | the band | their new song |  | the radio |  |  | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent song=Theme |
| 2 | **sing** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our team was promoted to the first division!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:x4:1
# text = Our team was promoted to the first division!
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	promoted	promote	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	_
8	division	division	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promote** | past · passive |  | Our team |  |  |  | to the first division | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pawn reached the end and was promoted to a queen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:x5:1
# text = The pawn reached the end and was promoted to a queen.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pawn	pawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	promoted	promote	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | past | the pawn | the end |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent end=Theme |
| 2 | **promote** | past · passive | the pawn *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to a queen | vn promote-102 «NP V S\_ING» |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Posters promoted the school fair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:x6:1
# text = Posters promoted the school fair.
1	Posters	poster	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	promoted	promote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	fair	fair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promote** | past | Posters | the school fair |  |  |  |  | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fair=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Eating fruit promotes good health.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:x7:1
# text = Eating fruit promotes good health.
1	Eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	csubj	_	_
2	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	promotes	promote	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	health	health	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | gerund |  | fruit |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Patient |
| 2 | **promote** | present | Eating | good health |  |  |  |  | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent health=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At this sight the king was yet more astonished at the cleverness of his steward, and at once promoted him to be the keeper of his jewels.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:promote:x8:1
# text = At this sight the king was yet more astonished at the cleverness of his steward, and at once promoted him to be the keeper of his jewels.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	9	advmod	_	_
9	astonished	astonished	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	cleverness	cleverness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	steward	steward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	20	obl	_	_
20	promoted	promote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	cop	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	keeper	keeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	ccomp	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	jewels	jewel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the king |  |  | this sight |  | at the cleverness of king's steward; astonished *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **promote** | past | the king *not said here* | king |  |  |  |  | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | to-infinitive | the king *not said here* | the keeper |  |  |  | of king's jewels | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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