---
title: propulsion — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «propulsion» in the school dictionary: Propulsion is the force that pushes something forward, such as a car, boat, rocket or animal. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# propulsion

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Propulsion, force, Rockets, squid, Oars, engine · **What happens:** be, push, use, move, give, show · **To what, where:** force, something, jet propulsion, propulsion, ship, tails

<!-- .vabout -->
«propulsion» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [propulsion in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/propulsion.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Propulsion is the force that pushes something forward, such as a car, boat, rocket or animal.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:propulsion:m1:1
# text = Propulsion is the force that pushes something forward, such as a car, boat, rocket or animal.
1	Propulsion	propulsion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	pushes	push	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	rocket	rocket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Propulsion | the force |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **push** | present | the force | something |  |  |  | forward *property* | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rockets use jet propulsion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:propulsion:x1:1
# text = Rockets use jet propulsion.
1	Rockets	rocket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	jet	jet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	propulsion	propulsion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Rockets | jet propulsion |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent propulsion=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A squid moves by jet propulsion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:propulsion:x2:1
# text = A squid moves by jet propulsion.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	squid	squid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	jet	jet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	propulsion	propulsion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | present | a squid |  |  |  |  | by jet propulsion | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme by propulsion=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Oars are a simple means of propulsion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:propulsion:x3:1
# text = Oars are a simple means of propulsion.
1	Oars	oar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nsubj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	propulsion	propulsion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Oars |  |  |  |  | of propulsion; mean *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The engine gives propulsion to the ship.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:propulsion:x4:1
# text = The engine gives propulsion to the ship.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	engine	engine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	propulsion	propulsion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | the engine | propulsion | the ship |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent propulsion=Theme to ship=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The balloon rocket shows propulsion in action.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:propulsion:x5:1
# text = The balloon rocket shows propulsion in action.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	rocket	rocket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	propulsion	propulsion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the balloon rocket | propulsion |  |  |  | in action | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent propulsion=Patient in action=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fish use their tails for propulsion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:propulsion:x6:1
# text = Fish use their tails for propulsion.
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	tails	tail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	propulsion	propulsion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Fish | Fish's tails |  |  |  | for propulsion | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent tail=Theme for propulsion=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sails use wind for propulsion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:propulsion:x7:1
# text = Sails use wind for propulsion.
1	Sails	sail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	propulsion	propulsion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Sails | wind |  |  |  | for propulsion | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent wind=Theme for propulsion=Eventuality |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists are testing new kinds of propulsion for spacecraft.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:propulsion:x8:1
# text = Scientists are testing new kinds of propulsion for spacecraft.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	testing	test	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	propulsion	propulsion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	spacecraft	spacecraft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **test** | present · progressive | Scientists | new kinds of propulsion |  |  |  | for spacecraft | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent kind=Theme for spacecraft=Attribute |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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