---
title: protestation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «protestation» in the school dictionary: A protestation is a strong, often over-eager statement that something is true, or a loud objection to something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# protestation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** protestation, something, He, nobody, her, guard · **What happens:** be, make, protest, believe, hear, shake · **To what, where:** strong over-eager statement, many protestations, innocence, her, protestations, head

<!-- .vabout -->
«protestation» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [protestation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/protestation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A protestation is a strong, often over-eager statement that something is true, or a loud objection to something.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:protestation:m1:1
# text = A protestation is a strong, often over-eager statement that something is true, or a loud objection to something.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	protestation	protestation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	often	often	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	over-eager	over-eager	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	objection	objection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a protestation | a strong over-eager statement |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | something | a strong over-eager statement *not said here* |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He made many protestations of innocence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:protestation:x1:1
# text = He made many protestations of innocence.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	protestations	protestation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	innocence	innocence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | He | many protestations of innocence |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent protestation=Product |
| 2 | **protest** |  |  | innocence |  |  |  |  | nom protestation «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Despite all her protestations, nobody believed her.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:protestation:x2:1
# text = Despite all her protestations, nobody believed her.
1	Despite	despite	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	4	det:predet	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	protestations	protestation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	7	nsubj	_	_
7	believed	believe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | past | nobody | her *= she* |  |  |  | despite her protestations | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus |
| 2 | **protest** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom protestation «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The guard heard the stranger's protestations and shook his head.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:protestation:x3:1
# text = The guard heard the stranger's protestations and shook his head.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	protestations	protestation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	shook	shake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | the guard | the stranger's protestations |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer protestation=Stimulus |
| 2 | **shake** | past | the guard *not said here* | guard's head |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent head=Patient |
| 3 | **protest** |  | the stranger |  |  |  |  |  | nom protestation «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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