---
title: provenance — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «provenance» in the school dictionary: Where something comes from; its origin. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# provenance

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**Who acts:** something, museum, provenance, We, Experts, label · **What happens:** come, own, check, be, buy, trace · **To what, where:** object, provenance, food, Roman Britain, statue

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«provenance» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [provenance in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/provenance.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Where something comes from; its origin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:provenance:m1:1
# text = Where something comes from; its origin.
1	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	3	advmod	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	nsubj	_	_
3	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	origin	origin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The record of where an object such as a painting or ancient vase has been and who has owned it.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:provenance:m2:1
# text = The record of where an object such as a painting or ancient vase has been and who has owned it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	record	record	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	10	case	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	vase	vase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
14	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
15	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	aux:pass	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	owned	own	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl:relcl	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **own** | present · perfect · passive |  | a object such a painting or ancient vase |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The museum checked the painting's provenance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:provenance:x1:1
# text = The museum checked the painting's provenance.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	museum	museum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	checked	check	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	provenance	provenance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | past | the museum | the painting's provenance |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent provenance=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The provenance of the old vase is unknown.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:provenance:x2:1
# text = The provenance of the old vase is unknown.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	provenance	provenance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	vase	vase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	unknown	unknown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the provenance of the old vase |  |  |  |  | unknown *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We buy food of local provenance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:provenance:x3:1
# text = We buy food of local provenance.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	buy	buy	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	provenance	provenance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | present | We | food of local provenance |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Experts traced the coin's provenance to Roman Britain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:provenance:x4:1
# text = Experts traced the coin's provenance to Roman Britain.
1	Experts	expert	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	traced	trace	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	coin	coin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	provenance	provenance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	Roman	Roman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trace** | past | Experts | the coin's provenance | Roman Britain |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent provenance=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Without a provenance, the statue might be stolen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:provenance:x5:1
# text = Without a provenance, the statue might be stolen.
1	Without	without	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	provenance	provenance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	statue	statue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	stolen	steal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **steal** | might · passive |  | the statue |  |  |  | without a provenance | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The label shows the provenance of the apples.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:provenance:x6:1
# text = The label shows the provenance of the apples.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	label	label	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	provenance	provenance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the label | the provenance of the apples |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent provenance=Recipient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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