---
title: proximity — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «proximity» in the school dictionary: Being near in space; closeness. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# proximity

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** house, school, you, proximity, proximity sensor, door · **What happens:** be, not play, make, stop, close, grow · **To what, where:** space, close proximity, proximity, air salty, door, close share water

<!-- .vabout -->
«proximity» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [proximity in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/proximity.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being near in space; closeness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:proximity:m1:1
# text = Being near in space; closeness.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	cop	_	_
2	near	near	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	closeness	closeness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  | space and closeness |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The house is in close proximity to the school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:proximity:m1e:1
# text = The house is in close proximity to the school.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	proximity	proximity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the house |  |  | close proximity |  | to the school | tree rules |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being near in time or in relationship.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:proximity:m2:1
# text = Being near in time or in relationship.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	near	near	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	relationship	relationship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  | time | near *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our school is in close proximity to the park.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:proximity:x1:1
# text = Our school is in close proximity to the park.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	proximity	proximity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Our school |  |  | close proximity |  | to the park | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do not play in the proximity of the railway.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:proximity:x2:1
# text = Do not play in the proximity of the railway.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	play	play	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	proximity	proximity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	railway	railway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **play** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  | the proximity of the railway |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The proximity of the sea made the air salty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:proximity:x3:1
# text = The proximity of the sea made the air salty.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	proximity	proximity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	salty	salty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the proximity of the sea | the air salty |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset salty=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A proximity sensor stops the door closing on you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:proximity:x4:1
# text = A proximity sensor stops the door closing on you.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	proximity	proximity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	sensor	sensor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	closing	close	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | present | a proximity sensor | the door |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality door=Eventuality |
| 2 | **close** | gerund | the door *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on you | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trees growing in close proximity share water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:proximity:x5:1
# text = Trees growing in close proximity share water.
1	Trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
5	proximity	proximity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	share	share	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | gerund | Trees *not said here* |  |  | close share water |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The town's proximity to the airport makes it noisy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:proximity:x6:1
# text = The town's proximity to the airport makes it noisy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	proximity	proximity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	airport	airport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	noisy	noisy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the town's proximity to the airport | airport |  |  |  | noisy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She used to value a lodging entirely according to its proximity to the theatre.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:proximity:x7:1
# text = She used to value a lodging entirely according to its proximity to the theatre.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	value	value	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lodging	lodging	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
8	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	case	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	proximity	proximity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	theatre	theatre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **value** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | a lodging |  |  |  | accord lodging's proximity to the theatre; entirely *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lodging=Stimulus |
| 3 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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