---
title: pseudo — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pseudo» in the school dictionary: «pseudo-» means false or pretend, looking like something it is not: pseudoscience, pseudonym. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pseudo

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** pseudo, His, Mark, Astrology, you, your · **What happens:** mean, look, not be, pretend, be, talk · **To what, where:** pseudoscience, pseudonym, program, pseudocode, anyone

<!-- .vabout -->
«pseudo» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pseudo in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pseudo.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: prefix — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«pseudo-» means false or pretend, looking like something it is not: pseudoscience, pseudonym.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pseudo:m1:1
# text = «pseudo-» means false or pretend, looking like something it is not: pseudoscience, pseudonym.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	pseudo	pseudo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	false	false	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	pretend	pretend	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obl	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
17	pseudoscience	pseudoscience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	pseudonym	pseudonym	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | pseudo |  |  |  |  | false *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **look** | gerund | pseudo *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like something | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **not** **is a** | present | pseudo | pseudoscience and pseudonym |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fake, not genuine, or pretending to be clever: «His pseudo-intellectual talk annoyed everyone.».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pseudo:m2:1
# text = Fake, not genuine, or pretending to be clever: «His pseudo-intellectual talk annoyed everyone.».
1	Fake	fake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	genuine	genuine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	pretending	pretend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
10	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
14	pseudo	pseudo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	annoyed	annoyed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pretend** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | clever *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **talk** *in a quote* |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom talk «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mark Twain is the pseudonym of Samuel Clemens.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pseudo:x1:1
# text = Mark Twain is the pseudonym of Samuel Clemens.
1	Mark	Mark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	Twain	Twain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pseudonym	pseudonym	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Samuel	Samuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	Clemens	Clemens	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mark | the pseudonym |  |  |  | of Samuel | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Astrology is a pseudoscience, not a real science.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pseudo:x2:1
# text = Astrology is a pseudoscience, not a real science.
1	Astrology	astrology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pseudoscience	pseudoscience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Astrology | a pseudoscience and a real science |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write your program in pseudocode first.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pseudo:x3:1
# text = Write your program in pseudocode first.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	program	program	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	pseudocode	pseudocode	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | your program |  | pseudocode |  | first *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent program=Theme in pseudocode=Destination |
| 2 | **program** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom program «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His pseudo-friendliness didn't fool anyone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pseudo:x4:1
# text = His pseudo-friendliness didn't fool anyone.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
2	pseudo	pseudo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	friendliness	friendliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	fool	fool	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **fool** | past · do-support | His pseudo friendliness | anyone |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anyone=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some authors use a pseudonym to stay private.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pseudo:x5:1
# text = Some authors use a pseudonym to stay private.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	authors	author	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pseudonym	pseudonym	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | some authors | a pseudonym |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pseudonym=Patient |
| 2 | **stay** | to-infinitive | some authors *not said here* |  |  |  |  | private *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The advert used pseudo-scientific words to sound clever.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pseudo:x6:1
# text = The advert used pseudo-scientific words to sound clever.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	advert	advert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
4	pseudo	pseudo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	scientific	scientific	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	sound	sound	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl	_	_
10	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **sound** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | clever *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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