---
title: publicly — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «publicly» in the school dictionary: Publicly means in front of other people, openly, not in private. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# publicly

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** He, information, funded libraries, you, They · **What happens:** mean, fund, apologise, announce, be, praise · **To what, where:** results, She, assembly, someone, park, firefighters

<!-- .vabout -->
«publicly» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [publicly in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/publicly.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Publicly means in front of other people, openly, not in private.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publicly:m1:1
# text = Publicly means in front of other people, openly, not in private.
1	Publicly	publicly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	openly	openly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | in front of other people; openly, publicly *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in front=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Publicly means by or for the government or the public: publicly funded.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publicly:m2:1
# text = Publicly means by or for the government or the public: publicly funded.
1	Publicly	publicly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	public	public	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	publicly	publicly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	funded	fund	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | by the government or the public; publicly *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fund** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | publicly *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He publicly apologised to the class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publicly:x1:1
# text = He publicly apologised to the class.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	publicly	publicly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	apologised	apologise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **apologise** *speech: apologize* | past | He |  |  |  |  | to the class; publicly *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The results will be publicly announced.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publicly:x2:1
# text = The results will be publicly announced.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	results	result	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	publicly	publicly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	announced	announce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **announce** *speech: other* | future · passive |  | the results |  |  |  | publicly *property* | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The information is publicly available online.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publicly:x3:1
# text = The information is publicly available online.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	information	information	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	publicly	publicly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	available	available	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	online	online	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the information |  |  |  |  | available, online, publicly *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Publicly funded libraries are free.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publicly:x4:1
# text = Publicly funded libraries are free.
1	Publicly	publicly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	funded	fund	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	libraries	library	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fund** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | publicly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | funded libraries |  |  |  |  | free *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was publicly praised in assembly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publicly:x5:1
# text = She was publicly praised in assembly.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	publicly	publicly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	praised	praise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	assembly	assembly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **praise** | past · passive |  | She |  | assembly |  | publicly *property* | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't tell someone off publicly — talk privately.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publicly:x6:1
# text = Don't tell someone off publicly — talk privately.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	tell	tell	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	iobj	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
6	publicly	publicly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	talk	talk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	privately	privately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **tell off** *speech: assert* | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  | someone |  |  | publicly *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient |
| 2 | **talk** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | privately *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The park is publicly owned.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publicly:x7:1
# text = The park is publicly owned.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	publicly	publicly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	owned	own	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **own** | present · passive |  | the park |  |  |  | publicly *property* | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They publicly thanked the firefighters.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publicly:x8:1
# text = They publicly thanked the firefighters.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	publicly	publicly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	thanked	thank	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	firefighters	firefighter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thank** *speech: thank* | past | They | the firefighters |  |  |  | publicly *property* | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent firefighter=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He returned to his den, and lying down there, pretended to be sick, taking care that his sickness should be publicly known.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publicly:x9:1
# text = He returned to his den, and lying down there, pretended to be sick, taking care that his sickness should be publicly known.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	den	den	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
8	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
9	down	down	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
12	pretended	pretend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	cop	_	_
15	sick	sick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
18	care	care	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	sickness	sickness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	aux:pass	_	_
24	publicly	publicly	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | past | He |  |  |  |  | to his den *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to den=Result |
| 2 | **lie down** | gerund |  |  |  | there |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pretend** | past | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | sick *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **take** | gerund | He *not said here* | care |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent care=Theme |
| 6 | **know** | should · passive |  | his sickness |  |  |  | publicly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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